
Class . 
Bool<_ 



COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT 




****** 



* ^f * * * 



West ^ipgipici. 



Illustrated. 



tTttttttttrnttTTT- 



V. I 



bsVe You yMonev to InVed? 

For more than a year many capitalists and business men have been awaiting the 
settlement of the financial policy^of the Government before investing surplus funds, and 
while they are waiting some gilt-edged investments in and about Charleston remain un- 
taken, which, under ordinary circumstances would be snapped up without delay. The 
end of the business depression is now in sight. 

The wheels of trade and commerce are beginning to turn and within a short time 
what is now down low will be forced up at high premiums. 

This is the time to pick up desirable property and to establish paying industries 
while prices of land and labor are low. Money is cheap and ideas of value in all things 
are moderate. 

Investments which would be considered good now, will be largely enhanced 
within a short time. If you would avoid the scramble move at once. 

Capitalists in other sections of the country are invited to come to Charleston and 
look over the field. 



Charleston Illustrated, 



<^a3ZDn°»"^ ,--«n0SH5SS> 



A Description of the Capital City of West Virginia. 



-AND THt:- 



Natural Resources AND Industrial Development of the Kanawha Valley. 



BY S G. CROUCH. fir^-C^^^Hl"^^ 

CMARLE5TOH. J C^ 2- 3 

MOSES W. DONNALLY, PRINTER. *^ 

1894. 



Copyright, 1894, 
Bv 8. G. ("noriit. 



(HftRL^STONrW. Vft~J[LLUSTRftTeD, 



PREFATORY REMARKS. 




^, HIS i)aini)hlet is publij^hed for the pur- 
'^pose of meeting a fieiieral demand for in- 
, formation concerning the city of C'harlei?ton 
and the Great Kanawha Valley. It is for 
the benefit, first, of those of other States and 
other sections of the country, wlio are seek- 
ing new homes, new fields for Inisiness enterprise or 
opportunities for the protitahle investment of cap- 
'■' and second, for the benefit of the people of 
Cnarleston who desire a ready reference liook giving 
a great <leal of valuable information which they find 
it important to possess. It is for the mutual benefit 
of all. for in so far as it directs attention to the ad- 
vantages of the city of Charleston and the match- 
less resources of the Kanawha Vallev. and therebv 



creates a stimulus in tin- investment of <apilal here 
andtheintUix of desirable citizens from other sec- 
tions of till' country, it must necessarily, to that ex- 
tent, benefit all those who already have money in- 
vested here,or in anyway are interested in the iirosjier- 
ity of the city of Charleston or the valley of the 
( Jreat Kanawha. It seeks to tell brietly, in simple 
language, of the munificent gifts which Nature has 
bestowed upon tins jieople. and to answer some of 
the thousand and one(|Uestions asked of the citizens 
of the city by ca|>italists. businessmen, professional 
men. artisans ami others from otiier sections who are 
seeking homes in a ])leasant and healthful climate 
with opportunities for making money. 

The writer desires to acknowledge the kindness 
and courtesy of Mr. A. M. Scott, Hon. \Vm. Seymour 
Edwards and Maj. Thomas L. Broun, who have 
rendereil him valuable assistance in the pre])aration 
of this pamphlet, ami others who have kindly given 
him imjiiirtant information on various subjects. 




-tatc Capitol HniMiiijr. 



THE CITY OF CHARLESTON LOCATION AND SURROUNDINGS. 



OTlll'] city i)f Carlc.«t()ii, the capital of 
• I of \\'i;<t N'irginia, is situatod on the nc 
-*-of the Great Kanawha river and on 



the State 

lorih bank 

on the east 

hank of the 101k river, where the two streams join. 
The city is built upon an ever varying series of 
gentle undulations, with clean, brick paved streets, 
canopied with intermingling branches of elm, maple 
and other sliade trees, hading past magnificent pub- 
lic structures, business Idocks and sumptuously 
built residences, whose handsome architectural 
design and costly finish, combined with their beaxiti- 
fully laid out and well-kept grounds, at once proclaim 
them the homes of wealth, culture and rpfinement. 
The excellent climatic conditions of the Kanawha 
\'allcy, in which the city of Charleston is situated. 
is attracting large numliers of pco[ile hither from all 
parts of the country — North, East, South and West — 
who come not only to liuild up shattered nerves or 
over-worked mental powers, or perhajjs to recuperate 
bodies wasted by disease, but to make it a ])lacc of 
permanent residence. The various mineral springs, 
whose waters contain splendid curative virtues, and 
which abound among the hills adjacent to the city, 
the grandly-beautiful scenery of the surrounding 
mountains, the splendid drive-ways through the 
country, the expanse of water a(rordc<l by the ma- 
jestic Kanawha river, upon whose bosom lh)at various 



forms and sizes of pleasure craft, as well as the large 
steamers engaged in trade and commerce, and above 
all, the exi[uisitely lovely social ()ualities of its 
people, constitute Charleston, West Virginia, one of 
the most attractive resorts for the seekers of health 
anil pleasure to lie found anywhere in the South or 
North. 

The climate of the Kanawha Valley is mild and 
salubrious — neither severely cold in the winter nor 
uncoinfortaljly warm in the summer, and is free 
from sudden changes of temperature. The mean 
annual temperature is -52° Fahrenheit, and rarely 
falls below '20° in the winter or rises above .S0° in 
the summer. The winters are mild and of short 
duration. Charleston is locateil in the favored lielt 
of temiiirature between 87° and 41° of north lati- 
tuile in the mountains trending north-east and 
south-west, thus catching the How of mild, gentle 
winds from the great Southern (Julf in the winter, 
and fanned by cool mountain breezes in the summer, 
which renders the evenings all that could be desireil 
for recreation and pleasure, and the nights excellent 
fnr rest and sleep. In a word, Charleston is a leaf- 
embowered haven of rest. Nowhere in the world is 
the grass greener, the sky bluer or the air purer, and 
nowhere on earth are more of the necessary elements 
combined to make life worth living. 




fsiilclicc dl' Mr. Ik". S. Cnucli 



MINERAL WATERS. 



|V f I'.MEIUJUS mineral springs are fmiml in the 
* J \ hills near Cliarlei^ton, frnui whieh fiu^h 
QJ 'waters of valuable medicinal qualities — clia- 
lybeate, alum, litliia and other watery- — among which 
is the famous Elk Lithia Springs, whose waters arc 
classed among the vei-y best. An analysis of this 
water bv Dr. \Vm H. Taylor. State chemist, of \'ir- 
trinia. is here given : 



OiK' tr:illim III Xll cubic inchc: contains: 

nii-arhiinntc nf lime ]ii.77!)2 

IiicarlMinatc (if niatrncsia lL'.ll!03 

l'iiiirl>(inatc 111' Maryta traces. 

I'icarlionatc strontia 0378 

l?icarl)i mate of iron . 164S 

Bicarlionati- of manganese traces. 

Birarlionatc of lithia 022S' 

rhosiihate of lime OOdS 

."^ulpliatc of lime !).2:54o 

.•^ulpliate lit potash 44(17 

Sulphate nf smla 6il77 

Hiliorateiif soila traces. 

Chloriilcof soilium 5290 

.\lumina.. 0420 

Silicia SlO-j 

43 3987 

This is a natural saline alkaline lithia water and 
a typical tonic and .siline digestive aperient. It is 



an exeelieiU therapeutic adjuvant and may be freel}'' 
used in indigestion, biliousness, torpid liver, consti- 
jiation. rhetimatism, gout, and all diseases associated 
witli the uric acid diathesis; in diabetes, Bright's 
disease, inflammation or catarrh of the bladder, 
scrofula, incipient jjlithisis, and other constitutional 
diseases ; in bronchial and laryngeal catarrh and 
diseases of tiie respiratory organs; in mental irri- 
tahiiiiv. melancholy, ei)ilepsy, and other nervous 
iliscases, and in ail diseases which are the result of 
im])erfect nutrition, incfheient elimination of waste 
products. 

— ■^•-«. — • 

MODERN IMPROVEMENTS. 



aiAIiLESTOX is blessed with </// mo</grh im- 
fi ovemenis known to advanced civilization, incluil- 
ing fine .sewage, jjaved streets, electric street 
railways, electric lighting and power 
plants, natural gas piped to the city and used for 
the i)uriiose of illumination and also as fuel, artifi- 
cial gas for illumination, plant for the manufacture 
of ice, water works, tele])honc exchange, magnificent 
hotels, church edifices, and other public l)uildings. 

Pavicd Stkeets. — Charleston was tlvc first city in 
the I'nited States to adopt the method of jtaving 
streets with brick. In fact this .system is an inven- 
tion of Dr. .T. P. Hale, of this eitv. fn-<t u-^ed he)i> 




RcsiiUMlCl- (if Cnl. .1. I,>. DicUillSllll. 



aliout twenty years tv^o, ami it is found to be sucli 
an excellent and econnnHc metlmd of street paving 
that it is now heintr adojited and used by a larjie 
nunilier of cities tln-ousliout the country. 

Seuahe. — The city has a line sewage system. 
A net work of underground .sewers has been con- 
structed reaching to the utmost limits of the city, 
making the drainage perfect, and thus shielding the 
citizens from diseases which result from pollution 
and decaying substances. 

\V.\TEK WoHKs. — Tlie city water works have the 
caiiacity to sujijily double the (|uantity of water 
needed by the citizens for all purposes. The pump 
house is located on the bank ol the Klk river, above 
the city at a point far from the discharge of all sew- 
ers and other causes of |iollution ill the city The 
water is taken from the Elk River, which is fed l>y 
the [>ure rivulets and springs flowing from the 
mountains, and. excejit during the time of freshets, 
is as clear as crystal. The purity of the water suji- 
(ilied to the jieoiile of Charleston and the ])erfect sys- 
tem of drainage are tlie two leading factors that have 
contributed most to raising the health standard 
whicli is now unsuriiassed by that of any other 
town or city in America. 

Ki.ECTRic Lkjut I'l.v.nt. — The Charleston Electric 
Light Company has constructed and operates a large 
plant which furnishes electricity for lighting both 
the streets and buildings and for running the mo- 



tors on the street cars as well as tiiose which drive 
machinery in manufacturing estaldishments. 

(;.\s. — The city is sujiplied with gas from a large 
plant which furnishes all the gas needed for lighting 
houses and running gas engines used in factories, 
but the greatest boon enjoyed liy the citizens of 
Charleston is the natural gas which has recently been 
found in abundance not far away and piped to the 
city. It is used largely for illumination and is a 
splendid article for that pur|)ose. The niore im|ior- 
tant and general u.se to which the natural gas is ap- 
])lied, however, is that of I'uel and it is a sjiiendid ma- 
terial for that puri)o.sc. It is so much better than 
coal, both in point of economy and convenience, 
that its sujieriority cannot be estimated by a (>oni- 
]iarison between the two materials. Its use does 
away absolulely, withallthe soot, smoke, ashes, dirt, 
and all other concomitant evils necessary in the use 
of wood, coal or other fuels. It is cheajier by half 
than the artifii'ial gas, and is equally good. With- 
in a short while it will have almost entirely super- 
seded all otiier fuels in Charleston. The natural ga.« 
com]iany has just put down over twenty miles of 
pipe m the city and the gas is being carried to nearly 
every street, and is coming int<i general use by the 
[leople. With the adojition of natural gas as a fuel, 
smoke and soot disa]i]ii'ar, and with a perfect system 
of ilrainage and pure water the city becomes cl?an. 
healthful and plea.sant. 




Residi'iRo ot .Mi>. Miirv M. Wutkius. 



PUBLIC DtBT, TAXATION, E IC. 



'\ V /^'"^^ Virjiiiiia lias no pulilic debt. T 

\ A / State f;overnnic'nt by a iji-ovisioii of the C( 

^ * stitutidii. is prohibited fVom ereatinj; a <le 



The 

'on- 

; protui)itetl imin ereating a debt. 

The county of Kanawlia, of whieh Charleston is 
the seat of government, has no bonded deV)t. 

The city of Charleston has a bonded debt of only 
So!),000 which with the sale of the new bonds just 
issued will increase the debt to 109,000. This will 
be reduced to SlOl.UOO by the 1st of October, 1894 
by the maturity of bonds. 

The assessed value of real estate in the city, ac- 
cordinir to the last a.--sc.s.'-ment for ta.xation is S2,392,- 
192. i'roperty is as-es.sed for taxation at aliont one- 
third of its real value. 

The rate of taxation of all kinds and for all pur- 
poses, is as follows : 

City, (onSlOO valuation, 81.1'") 

Coiintv " " " .!«) 

State.." " " " .j:. 

State school " " " .id 

District School " " " .8.5 



Total taxation 



S:?.S.5 



This rate, it will be seen from a con)parison with 
the tax rates of other cities, is verv low, and it is es- 



[lecially so when it is considered that projierty is as- 
sessed for taxation at not more than one-third of its 
real value. 

The population of the city is now about 12,000, 
with suburbs of from 7,00() to 9,000 more. It is 
largely cosmopolitan, there being among the resi- 
• lents jjcople who have come from nearly every State 
in the I'nion and some from foreign countries, 
though the natives of the Eastern States largely 
predominate. In the population of the city ai-e 
lilended the energy and push of the West, the con- 
servatism and intellectual training of the East, the 
generous impulses of the South and the thrift and 
economical habits of the North. 

The business men of Charleston are conspicuous 
for their push and enterprise, and the people in gen- 
eral for their thrift and industry. The spirit of 
feverish speculation is almost entirely absent. All 
its business firms have been built up by legitimate 
operations and they are standing on timi founda- 
tions. As evidence of this fact, it may be state<l 
that the financial panic and business dej)ression 
which sat in early in the year of 1893, and from 
which other towns an<l cities suffered so severely, 
bad but little, if any, effect upon the business of 
Charleston. All branches of trade and industry 
moved along about as usual and there has been no 
failure or busine.ss embarrassment in Charleston 
worth speaking of since the hard times set in. 







ilJiiiiii 1/ 



K;iii;i\vlin A"alli'V I':ink Building; 



There are live banking houses in Charle;it<)n, with 
an invested oajntal of over a half million dollars. 
They are: 

Tlir Kanawlia Vallry Bank Sl.'in.non 00 

Tlic Citizens' Xatiuiiul Hank ll'.'),iiiiii oil 

The CharlcstdU National I'.ank 100.000 00 

Tlic- Kanawlia Xational Bank 100,000 00 

TIk' Cuninn-n-ial Savinj;s Bank 5ii,O00 00 

Among the commercial organizations arc the 
Charleston Board of Trade, of which Mr. P. II, 
Noycs. of the wholesale grocer firm of P. PI. Noyes 
it Co., is i)resident, and the Kanawha Coal Exchange, 
of which Mr. M. T. Davis is president. 

l)un"s Commercial Agency has a hranch nHii-c 
established in the city of which ]\Ir. J. E. Kings- 
Imry is manager. 

There are between twelve and fifteen wholesale 
and jobbing houses in tltc city. \\'ithin the last 
five j'ears the wholesale and jolibing trade of 
Charh'ston has increased from five hunih'cd thous- 
and dollars t" considcrahlv over two million dollars 
for the year 1S9.'5. 

Among the industries of Cliarlestim are seven 
luml>er manufacturing plants, employing, when 
running at full capacity. 70U to IKK) men ; a cart and 
Iniggy works, employing from 300 to 400 men, five 
foundries and machine shops employing 350 men, 
two large flour mills employing about 40 men, one 




j^_-a^, ^-..^ ^--j -^ ^ .Jj; '^ Vs'l I'll 






i .1 iir.*fs 










woolen factory eniiiloyiiiL' nearly 100 persons, an 
ice factory. emj)loyint: t'roiii 30 to 40 men, five brick 
making i>lants employinjr from 400 to (JOO men. 
There are also cigar factories, candy factories, bot- 
tling works, pork packing houses and a large numl)er 
of other establishments employing from SOO to 1.200 
men. 

There is a splendid ojiportunity for the invest- 
ment of ca])ital in Charleston in other lines of man- 
ufacture than those already established, such as the 
mining of fire and pottery clays, and the manufac- 
ture of brick, crockery ware, pottery ware and glas.s- 
ware, mining of iron ore and the manufacture of 
iron, tiling, wagons and carriages, clothing, boots 
and shoes, hardware, nails, paper boxes, bed mat- 
tresses, paints, wood pulp, etc. There is an abun- 
dance of raw material for manufacture righ' at hand, 
and the introduction of natural gas into the city 
j)roviding cheap fuel will result in a great advan- 
tage to the manufacturers of this city. Another im- 
portant ailvantage enjoyed by the jicople of Charles- 
ton are their splendid sbipi)ing facilities, and this 
should not be lost sight of. Boats arrive at and de- 
part from the wharves nearly every hour in the day. 
and pas.senger and freight trains are continually 
arriving and departing on the railroads leading out 
from Charleston in five different directions. 

The abundance of raw material to be had right at 
hand, the unusually low cost of fuel, the excellent 
shipping fiicilities, added to the low cost of labor, 



<^k> 



^i'CsV 




which is 81.2') j)L'r day for common labor and an 
average of §2 oO per day for skilled laljor, seem to 
include all the advantages desired hy manutacturers, 
and when these various advantages become fully 
known and apjireeiated, it must necessarily result in 
the establishment of many large and various kinds 
of manufacturing plants in and around the city. 



"HE CHURCHES. 




lic.'-iilciicc III' Hen. .<. 1,. KldiiriKiv. 



r,i, the ]irin<'i|ial churches and creed.s are 
represented in (.'harleston. there l.ieing eight 
distiiu't denominatoinsand twelve church or- 
ganizations. 

First Presbvteri.\n. — The First Presbyterian 
church (the Southern branch) has a si)lendid edifice 
liH'ated on the corner of Hale and Quarrier streets 
near the l)usiness part nf the i-ity. It is built of 
stone, and the main au<litoriuni has a seating capa- 
city of ],()()(). There is in the building a large and 
commodius Sunday school room, a lecture room, 
church ])arlors, session room, library and other rooms 
and the entire building is handsomely ei|uipped for 
the extensive religious work carried on by this con- 
gregation. Adjoining the church building stands 
the large, elegant residence of the ]iastor. or the par- 




Residence nf Hon. (ieo. K. I'rico. 



sonagf. The churcli Iniililing cos-t aljout S-'^o.CKJO, 
tlic parsonnge about 85.000, and the entire church 
propertv. including land and huilding*;. is estimated 
to he worth .$.")-),( )()(). Rev. .J. C Barr. D. D., is pas- 
tor, and he lias succeeded in building up a member- 
ship now numbering over 450 communicants. A 
large Sabbath school is conducted liy the church of 
which Mr. S. L. Flournoy is superintemlent. There 
is organized in the church a very efficient Young 
Peoples Society of Christian Endeavor which carries 
on a number of mi.ssion Sunday schools. Mr. E. A. 
Palmer is President of the society, and Mr. .John S. 
Xoves is its Secretary. This church supports some 
six or seven mission stations, located at various 
points in the .suburbs of the city, including three 
regularly organized mission churches. 

St. .b)iix's Ei'is(or.\L.-Two squares east of the 
First Presbyterian church edifice, on the corner of 
(^uarrier aiid Broad streets, stands the splendid 
structure in which the congregation of St. John's 
Episcoi)al cliurch worship. The liuilding was 
.rccted in tlie year 1890. at a cost of 825,000. It is 
a stone structure, elegantly furnished and ecpiipped. 
The main auditorium has a seating capacity of be- 
tween .lOO and (iOO. and the lecture-room adjoining, 
which has a seating capacity of 200, is separated from 
the main auditorium by sliding doors, so tliat tiie 
two rooms may be thrown into one wlien necessary on 
special occasions. A handsome rectory stands near 
the church building and fronts on Quarrier street. 




Rcsick'iicc 1.1 Mi's. ('. <i. Siuitli. 



Secretary. The church al^o conducts a number of 
prosperous missions in the suburbs of the city. 

Statk Stkket Methodist. — On State street, at 
the corner of Court, stands the State Street M. E. 
church l)uildinjr, a substantial and commodious 
brick structure, erected in 18S4 at a cost 813.000. 
The main auditorium is on the second floor of the 
l)uildinjr. and is callable of .seating SOU people. On 
tiic lower floor is the lecture room, which seats from 
(iOO to 700. Tliis is used for conducting Sunda_v 
school, prayer meetings, class meetings, church rc- 
cei)tions, entertainments of various kinds, and for 
all purposes except public worship. Rev. S. J. 
Cotton is pastor of the church, and Mr. L. M. 
Haynes is Superintendent ol' the Sunday .school. 
The young i)eople of tlic church arc organized into 
a very etticicnt society under the name of the Ep- 
worth League, of whicii Rev. S. J. Cotton is Presi- 
dent and Mr. David Dick is Secretary. 

Chkisti.vn CniKcM. — Xeartiie State Street church 
is located the Christian church edifice, a small, but 
very comfortable brick building, on the corner of 
Laidley and Donnally streets. This church was or- 
ganized in April, IS'.d, l)y Rev. J. \V. Mc(iarvey, Jr.. 
who has served the church as its minister since that 
time. The aim of this somewhat jieculiar church 
organization is given liy its minister as follows : "1. 
To exalt (iod's Son al)()Ve jiarty, and (iod'sA\'ord 
above all human creeds. Where the Scriptures 
speak we si)eak : where tiie Scrijiturcs are silent we 



are silent. "J. To illustrate the jjracticaljility of 
Christian union on New Testament faith ami ]>rac- 
tice. 3. To build a church of Christ without de- 
nominational name, human creed or other barrierto 
Cliristian unity, whose terms of fellowship shall 1)6 
as broad as the conditions of salvation and identical 
witii them. 4. To lead alien sinners to Christ in tiie 
light of the New Testament teaching and examjile. 
5. To co-operate with all otiier Christian workers, 
as far as we can, in extending Christ's reign among 
men, while seeking to promote the unity for which 
Christ prayed. 

Ch.mu.eston B.\i>tist CnfK<ii. — On tiie corner of 
Capitol and A\'ashington streets, and near tlie State 
Capitol liuilding, stands the elegant wooden struc- 
ture of the r.Mptist church. The building is only a 
temporary one, tiie church having determined to 
erect a large and handsome edifice within the near 
future. The projierty of this churcii is now valued 
at 820,000, including ground and building. Rev. 
T. C. Johnson, D. D., is pastor of the church. Mr. 
D. M. Sullivan is Superintendent of the Sunday 
school. The young i)eople are organized into a so- 
ciety under the name of the Young People's I'nion. 
and are vigorously prosecuting religious work in va- 
rious lines. Mr. L. B. Stoghill is President of the 
society and Miss Cora Spencer is Secretary. 

DicKixsox Cii.M'KL — METHonisT The edifice of 
the Southern Methedists — Dickinson Chapel — stands 
near the Bapti-st church, eastward, corner of Dickin- 



i s 




son and Washington streets, and is also next to Cap- 
itol square. This bnil(lin<i: which has a seating ca- 
l)acity <if over 700 will soon give way to a magnifi- 
cent new structure to cost SSO.OOO. The new Imild- 
ing will contain a large auditorium, with a seating 
capacity of 1,000, a lecture room, a Sunday School 
room, church parlors and a jiastor's residence, all un- 
der one roof. It will he elegantly finished and 
elaborately equipped. Uev. S. F. Mct'lung is pastor 
of the church; ^Ir. .1. M. Bodell is Superintendent of 
the Sunday .school ; A.C. Ilickel, class leader. This 
church also has a Young People's Society of Chris- 
tian Endeavor, of which Prof. W. F. Harris is Pres- 
ident and ]Miss Riddle .Jarrett is Secretary. 

Germ.v.n LrniBu.v.v — The German Lutheran 
church of Charleston was organized in lSi*J by F. 
K. Heitz. who is its pastor. The congregation has 
just completed a very handsome church building 
on Court street, which was dedicated June 2, 1894. 

The colored people have two churches, a Baptist 
and a Methodist. Each congregation owns a largo, 
comniodious brick building, with a seating capacity 
of about SOO each. Rev. J. W. Waters is pastor of 
the Metlu)dist church, and Rev. G. B. Howard, pas- 
tor of the Baptist church. 

Yor.N(; Men's CHiii.<Ti.vN Associatio.n. — The 
Young Men's Christian Association was organized 
in l.SS.S, and now has a membership of nearly two 
hundred. Last year (1893) it acquired by purchase 
a very comfortable building and grounds on Capitol 



street, near the State House (the Norvell residence) 
at a cost of 812,000. The building has been remod- 
eled and fitted u]) in a hanrlsome manner, and made 
a very comfortable and ])leasant resort for young 
men. It is the intention of tiie Association "to re- 
move the old building and erect in its place a large, 
handsome structure within the ne.xt two or three 
years to cost not less than .sixty thou.*and dollars, 
with a splendidly equipped gymnasium, reading 
room and library, class rooms, batii-rooms, ttc. The 
efforts of the Association in the line of gosjiel work, 
under the direction of the able and efhcient General 
Secretary, Mr. D. Spnigue, have iieen attended with 
si)lendid results. Mr. S]irague isal)ly assisted in this 
work by Mr. II. 15. Smitli. President of the Associa- 
tion, and Mr. W. C. B. Moore, its siecretary. 

— -^.s^. — 

EDUCATIONAL FACILiriES. 



The City Public Schools. 

ell.VlILESTON can not boa,st a college or a uni- 
versity, yet tlie peojjle are blessed with ixs 
fine ]nd)lic schools a.s can be found anywhere. 
■^•"^ The city owns school projK'rtv valued at 
SUti.itOO, as follows: Buildings, 8125,000: lands, 
820,000: apparatus. 81,600: library, 8300. There 




Scruiul Wanl School liuiMing. 



Tile property ol' the cliurcli. iiicluilinj.' the clnirrli 
liuililiiii;. rrrtiiry and frmunds, is valued at S4l>,()l)(l. 
lni]ir(ivements to cost 8o,(l()l), are to l)e added to the 
liuilding this year, (1X94.) This eongre<fation also 
supi)ortsa mission church in Elk City, and a num- 
ber of mission Sunday schools. Rev. 1!. J). linller, 
D. D., is rector of St. Johns. 

Chapel of tiik S.vcred IlK.vin- — C.vthoi.ic.— 
Near the St, Johns church liuilding is the Chapel 
of the Sacred Heart (Catholic), on the corner of 
Bmad and \'irginia stre<'ts. This denomination 
owns a valuahlc piece of land extending from \'ir- 
.ginia street to (^uarrier street, bordering on Broad 
street. The St. Mary's Academy building stands on 
the Quarrier street frontage, and is valued at 84,01):), 
A frame chapel building, of simple desijrn, which 
cost 82,500, stands on the \'irginia street frontage. 
This is now used and will lie used as a house of 
worship until the new church edifice is built. The 
new structure, which will be completed jimbalily 
within two years, will be a magnificent buiMing, to 
■cost 830.000. Rev. Jo.seph Stenger is the pa-tor in 
<'harge of the Sacred Heart parish. He has licen 
very successful in the management of the various 
interests of the parish and in raising funds with 
which to construct the new church edifice. 

Te.mpi.e Be.se Jesiicium — Jewish. — Going east 
one-half a block from the Catliolic Church, on Vir- 
j.dnia street, you come to the new structure of the 
Jewish congregation. Temple Bene Jeshurum. dedi- 



'■ated A[iril 17, 1S'.I4. It is a handsome brick 
liuilding, of Moorish architecture, and cost some- 
thing over 825,000, Rev. l\Iarcus Salzman 
is the Ralil^i in charge of Temple Bene Jes- 
hurum. The officers of the congregation are Ja- 
cob Jelenko, President; M, Frankenberger, Vice- 
Rresident; Charles Loel), Warden; M. Goldbarth, 
Secretary, and Ph. Frankenberger, Treasurer. The 
Board of Trustees consist of B. Baer. A. Middleburg, 
and I. Srhwab,'. The E.xecutive Board of .1. .lelen- 
ko, Charles Loeb, Ph. Frankenberger. .V. Middleberg, 
M. Frankenlierger, M. (loldbaith, B. Baer, I. Schwabe. 
and Dr. 1). Mayer, and the School Board of Dr. D. 
Mayer, M. (Joldbarth and M. Frankenberger. 

K.\x.\vvH.\ PuEsr5VTERi.\.N. —Leaving Tcinjile Bene 
Jeshurum and going west into the next lilock, on 
\'irginia street, you come to the magnificent stone 
structure of the Kanawha Presbyterian church. 
The main bodv nf this buildiui; was comiileted in 
the year 1880, "at a cost of .?:ii,000. In 18as an 
annex was constructed, providing a Sunday School 
room, with class rooms adjoining, a lecture room, 
church i)arlor, librarv, etc. The annex cost over 
812,000. Rev. H. \V. Torrence is pastor of the 
church. A large and prosp i-rous Sundav school is 
conducted by the church, of which Dr. T. L. Barber 
is Superintendent. There is also in o]>eration in 
conni'ctiou with the church, a flourishing Young 
People's Society of Christian ICndeavor, of whieh F. 
M. Staunton is President and Mrs. S. M. Snvder is 



•^"'^••r"*v 




Rfsidfiirc- lit .Iucli;e Okey .Idlinson. 



are three large, elegant school buikling.s, containing 
a total of forty-one rooms, taiialile of aeconimodat- 
ing 2.-30O jmpils. The enrollment of jiu]iils in the 
year 1893 was 1,581), and the average attendance 
was 1.102. The enumeration this year (1894) was 
2.288. 

The city .■schools consist of nine grades and a 
high school. The course of study in the nine grades 
includes spelling, reading, penmanship, arithmetic, 
language, geography, history, hook-kee])ing, physi- 
ology, hygiene, civil government, gymnastics, calis- 
thenics, vocal musi<" and drawing. 

High Sciioni.. — The High School consists of a 
three years course, as follows : 

First year — Higher arithmetic, elementary algebra, 
English grammar, civil government, general history, 
including the Constitution of the United States and 
the Constitution of West Virginia. 

Second year — Higher algebra, plane geometry, 
natural philosojjhy. rhetoric, botany and general 
history. 

Third year — Solid geometry, mental j>hiloso])hy. 
general history, and ])hilosoi)hy of history. 

Prof. George S. I.aidley is sujierintendent of the 
city schools; Mrs. Mary K. McGwigan is jtrincipal of 
the High School; Prof. H. A. Hively is instructor 
in penmanship, and Miss Sallie Maxwell teacher 
of vocal music. 

The teachers in the various buildings are : — 

Mercer building — Miss Florence Gravum. Miss 



Annie Walker, Mi.ss Ella Craig, Miss Claudia Bald- 
win. Miss Irene Walker, Miss Lila K. McChe.snev, 
Miss A. B. DaShiell, Miss M. M. Patrick. Mr. A. W. 
Croft, Miss Mary E. Jones, Miss E. L. lIo])i)er. Miss- 
Eloise A. Easley and Miss Amelia S. Donnally. 

Union Iniilding — Miss E. S. AValker. ]irin(ipal ; 
Miss Kate Hanlev. Miss Marv Jeftords, Miss Minnie 
S. McWhortcr, Miss E. F."Leasure, Miss Myrtle 
Kiger, Miss Ruth Craig Miss Mary M. Peyton and 
Miss Elizabeth C. Kceley. 

(;.\hx?:tt School — Colored — H. B. Rice, Princi- 
pal: W. H. Davis, C. W. Boyd. Byrd Prillerman. P. 
B. Burbridge. Mattie Seames and Blanche Jeftries. 

Catholic School. 

A i)arochial school conducted by an eflicient corps 
of teachers in the Convent building of the Sacred 
Heart i)arish, includes about all the branches taught 
in the jniblic schools, and in addition thereto a 
thorough course in music. Mother Mary Vincent 
is superior. Her assistants are Sister Mary A"Loysius. 
Sister Mary Benedict, Sister Mary Raymond and 
Sister Mary Cyril. 

Business College. 

The Rowland (.»i: Elliott Business College, in the 
Burlew Opca block, on Capitol street, was cstal>- 
lished in 1891. The branches of study in thecollege 




MeTwr Si'liocil I'liiililiiifi. 



coiifiist of a tliorougli course in hook-keeping, i)en- 
manship, stenography, U'pe-writing and an ele- 
mentary course in English. Prof. Ward B. Elliott. 
Prof. Ihigli B. Rowland and Prof. T. S. Clark are 
the ]iriiicipals in the three several departments. 

Kindergarten School. 

A successful Kindergarten school has been es- 
tablished and is conducted by Miss Elizabette 
Brown, principal. Tiie Froebel system is used. 

Music School. 

The Charleston JNIusie School is conducted by 
Prof. F. R. Jacoby. Instruction on the violin, 
cornet, mandolin, guitar and all other string in- 
struments is given. 

Newspapers. 

Tliough mentioned last, the newspaper is among 
the most important of the means of education and 
treneral intelligence, and the measure of success and 
prosjierity enjoyed by the press of any town or city 
may be taken as a fair indication of the intelligence, 
thrift, enterprise and public spirit of its citizens. 
•Judged bv this standard, the citizens of Charleston 



are to be congi-atuLiteil. They supimrt two daily 
and four wt-ekly pajicrs. 

Tlu' Charleston Daily (lazctte is an eight-page 
morning paper publishing the Associated Press 




service, besides special dis])atches covering the 
entire field at home and abroad, giving the impor- 
tant daily hap|)cnings in every ])art oi' the world. 



riit lielil for local news is also well covered l>y a 
corps of talented journalists and re]iorters. The 
Gazette is issued from the manunoth ]irinting estab- 
lishment of Mr. M. W. Donnally, the Pui)lic Printer 
for the Stiite of West Virginia. Mr. Walter Edward 
Harris is editor of the Gazette ; Mr. Ferd R. Swann 
is assistant editor and advertising manager; Mr. W. 
P. Johnson is city editor. The (iazette is Demo- 
cratic in polities, and is the organ of the Democratic 
])arty. 

The Charleston Kvi'uing Mail is ))ul)lished every 
afternoon, except Suntlay, from tiie printing house 
of Jarrett & Floyd, on the corner of Virginia and 
Alderson streets. It is also an eight-i)age jjaper, and 
pulilishcs a telegraphic press service. It is a splen- 
did local pajjer and has gained a wide circulation. 
^Ir. .John h. Floyd is editorial writer, and Mr. E. K. 
Hood is managing editor. Mr. W. Hir.st Curry is 
the city editor. The Evening Mail is a staunch 
Ueipublican paper, and is regarded as the leading 
Itepublican journal of this ])art of tiic State. 

The weekly Star-Triliune is edited and jiulilished 
by Mr. M. 15. Keber. This is an old and well es- 
tablished Rejiublican journal, and has a large con- 
stituency in the southern part of West Virginia. 

The Kanawha Valley Democrat, published by 
Messrs. Perry i*i: Dudley, is an ably edited weekly 
Democratic i)a])er, of wide circulation. It advocates 
Democratic princijdes, and is the organ of the labor- 
ing men. Col, Flintlock Perrv is its editor. 



A weekly edition of the Gazette and of the E ven- 




BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES 

AND ORDERS. 



ing Mail is also issued from each of those nil 



ices. 



1 1 !■" Charleston Home for Destitute Women and 
Children was estahlished in the year LSDO liya 
. few of the nolile women of Charleston, who have, 
through liard lahor and many trials and vexations, 
made it one of tliemost valuahle institutions ot the 
kind in the state. On the 15th ofOctoljer, 1890 a few 
ladies met in the parlor of Mrs. Joseph Rufiner, on 
Brooks street, and formed the plans for the estaldish- 
ment of the Home. It wasa tremendous undertaking 
for these ladies, but they were not daunted by the 
magnitude of the work before them. The work of i-ais- 
ing jirivate subscriptions to erect or purchase a 
building was at once liegun, and within a sliort time 
these ladies had secured the sul)scription of enougli 
money to enalile them to purchase a building. A 
large residence on Piedmont street was jmrchased 
and paid for, the price l)eing S3,000, after whicii im- 
j)rovements to the building were made costing §2,()U0 
which has also been paid. The institution is main- 
tained wdiolly Ijy private subscriptions. The average 
number of inmates of the Home is abciut 17 and tlie 
average cost of maintaining it is about $75 per 
month. Mrs. Fannie Hawkins is the matron of the 
institntiini. Mrs. Joseph Rutiher has liecn presiilent 



of this society ever since it was formed and it is 
mainly tlirougli her ettorts that the Home for Desti- 
tute WoTiien and Children has heen made a success. 
It was also through Mrs. Ruflher's efforts that a law 
was enacted at the last sitting of the State Legisla- 
ture providing lor the hetter protection of the chil- 
dren of the State. The other officers of the society 
are Mrs. Jacob Jelenko, vice-jn-esident, Mrs. E. L. 
Butterick, secretary, and Mrs. Philip Frankenberger, 
treasurer. 

Nearly all the benevolent onlers have organiza- 
tions in Charleston. ]»rinci])al am()ng which are : 

M.\soxs ■ Kanawha Lodge No. 20 A. F. and A. M.; 
.J. Talnian Waters. \\'orsliii)rul Master.. I. \V. Crider, 
Secretarv. 

Tvrean Roval Arcli Chapter — I. .1. Lovdl. High 
Priest, J. Tal'man Waters. Scribe. 

Kanawha Conimandery No. 4, Knights Templar 
— F. H. Markell, Eminent Commander; -J. Tal- 
man Waters, Recorder. 

Oni) Fei.t.ows - Kanawha Lodge. No. 2n, A. F. 
Wallen. Noble (irand, A. 1). Boyd, Secretary. 

Ellinipsico Encampment. No. 11-5 — R. L. Bibl)y. 
Chief Patriarch ; E. W. England, Scril)e. 

Knights of Pytiii.\s — Elkana Lodge No. ()3 — E. 
S. Christy, Chancellor Commander: W. A. ^Fahan, 
Keejier of Records and Seal. 

Keuka Lodge No. 2(5 — Thos. Wilson, Chancellor 
Commander; M. L. Young, Keeper of Records and 
Seal. 



Kanawha Division No. 2, rniform Rank — H. K. 
Black, ('ai)tain; C. W. Hall, First Lieutenant. 

Second Regiment — C. C. Rand, Colonel: A. T. 
Fox, Captain and Adjutant. 

K.NKiiiTs OK THE (ioLi)EX E.VGi.K. — Pride of Kana- 
wha Castle No. 5— C. L. Rader, Noble Chief; J. C. 
Spurr, Master of Records. 

Charleston Conimandery No. 1 — H. L. Minsker, 
Cajitain ; J. C. Spurr, Secretary. 

Benevolent Order of Ei.ks — C. E. Rudesill, 
E.\alted Ruler; P. H. Noyes, Jr., Secretary. 

KNKfirrs OF Honor. — Kanawha Citv Lodge, No. 
4<).5— E. H. Easly, Dictator; J. E. Chamberlain, Fi- 
nancial Secretary. 

Legion of Honor — Kanawha Council No. 109 — 
N. B. Pottier, Commander; Geo. Davis, Secretary. 

UNrrEi) Amerhan Mecii.vnks. — Charleston Coun- 
cil No. il — S. F. Morrison, Councillor: R.C llager, 
Recording Secretary. 

Fr.vtern.m. Mystic Circle. — Capitol Citv Ruling 
Xo. 70— W. H. Whitehurst. Worthy Ruler: T. J. 
Grass, Recorder. 

Red Men. — Nakomis Trilie, No. 13 — S. P. Fer- 
rell. Great Senior Sagamore; Hugh Dcbord, Chief 
of Records. 

Military Orders. 

Blixdox Post G. A. R.- C. B. Mcintosh, Com- 
mander: Frank Ha]itoiistall. .\djutant. 




ui/^^^'V-.'-'-^V*f .^ 'yS!*^ 



^ 



Residence of Mr. J. W. G( 



Cami' pATTdX. Confederate Veterans — Flintlock 
Perry, ("oniniander; II. D. McFarland, Adjutant. 

Camp Stoxewaij, Jacksox, Confederate \'eterans 
— W. S. Summers, Colonel; E. II. Easley, Adju- 
tant. 

Labor Organizations. 

K.vXAWiiA \'.\i.i.KV Fkdehai. LAiiiiK Txiox. No. 
fi2()7. — J. K. F().ster, President: Sim Imn. Secretary. 

AiiALiiAMATKi) CofXriL. — Alex. Miller. President : 
Sim Iron, Secretary. 

Ch.\ri-e.>T()X TYr(x;RAi'iiicAi. Uxiox, No 146. — \V. 
E. Forsyth, President; John S. Groves, Recording 
Secretary. 

Commercial Clerks. — .1. 1). Price Commander; 
C. L. Rador Secretary. 

Bricklayers" axd Masons' Uxiox. — Alex. Camp- 
bell. President: W..J. Wilton. Secretary. 

Cari'EXTERs' I'xiox — A. B. Miller, President: \V . 
A. Foster, Secretary. 

Social Organizations. 

Charleston society is urganizeil into numerous 
social clubs. The leading social club, although classed 
under the head of "Benevolent Societies." is that of 
the Elks, of which Mr. C. E. Rudesill is jiresidcnt 
and P. H. Xoyes, .Jr., is secretary. Tlie Elks have 
established sj>acious ([uarters in the Shrewsbury 
Block, (in Capitol street, which they have equijiped 



and furnished in tlie most elaborate and elegant 
style at a cost of over 82.00(1 The main room in the 
suite is the large lodge room which is also used as a 
dancing hall. There is also a large dining hall with 
kitchen and other smaller rooms adjoining, receiition 
parlors, kdie.s' and gentlemen's dressing rooms, etc., 
all furnished in the most sumptuous manner. This 
is one of the most jioinilar social organizations of the 
city, and the society peojile of Charleston are imlebt- 
ed to it for a great many superb entertainments such 
as balls, receptions, banquets, etc. 

The Germania Club is another social organization 
which has estal)lished itself in elegant quarters. It 
is located in the Couch Block, on Quarrier street, oc- 
cupying two floors (the -second and third). The 
Germania Club's suite consists of the main hall, 50 
feet square, with stage 2n feet S(iuare, dining hall 75 
by 100 feet, recejition parlors, litirary. billianl room, 
etc. All these rooms are si)lendidly furnished and 
equipped. The otlicers of the Germania Club are 
Ben Baer, President, Henry Smith, Vice President, 
David Baer, Secretary, and Win. .Telenko. Treasurer. 

The Cotillion Club, of which C. C. Buery is Presi- 
dent, Harry Morgan is Secretary and P. II. Xoyes, 
•Jr., is Leader, is a dancing clul), using the Elks 
apartments. The club gives an entertainment once 
a month or oftener. 

There are a number of other social organizations 
in the city, such as whist clubs, euchre dubs, and 
others too numerous to name. 




iL^s^ 



View on Virfjiiiia Street. 



CHARLESTON'S SUBURBS. 



3T llhliE are no Ic-ss tlian cifrlit impurtant t-ul>- 
* I urban towns and villages within from one tc 
-L three miles of the eitv and tributary to it. 



to 



Elk City. — The first and most important of these 
is Elk City, immediately across the Elk river on the 
northwest bank of that stream. It has a popula- 
tion of about 3,000, and re<;ularly organized city 
jrovernment. with many of the modern improve- 
ments, including electric street railway, electric 
lights, water works, etc. Six religious denomina- 
tions have comfortable houses of worship, and the 
town is well supplied with good school buildings in 
which arc conducted the public schools by experi- 
enced and talented teachers. Several extensive 
manufacturing plants are located in this suburb, in- 
cluding a large furniture fectory. a veneering mill, a 
saw mill, a sash and door factory, two brick facto- 
ries and a number of smaller manufacturing con- 
cerns. 

Gleswooi), including Glenwood Heights, is a 
pretty resident suburb, immediately adjoining Elk 
City on the North, where many business men of 
Charleston are building elegant residences, and it is 
becoming a most desirable place for those who pre- 
fer to reside away from the noise and confusion of a 
busy city. A comi)any has been chartered and or- 



ganized under the name of The West Charleston 
Improvement Comi)any. for the purpose of operat- 
ing .streetcar and tdejihone lines, mining coal, iron 
ore, and other minerals, liuilding and o])erating saw 
mills, car shops and furnaces, manufacturing furni- 
ture, and brick, liuilding wharves, dock yards, etc. 

West Ch.\ri.estox is located on the north bank 
of the Kanawha, and from one to two miles west of 
Charleston. This includes, besides pretty suburban 
residences, a number of important manufacturing 
plants, among them the Buckeye Cart works, the 
largest two wheel vehicle factory in the world. 

Ri'Ki-XEK — Immediately adjoining Charleston on 
the east, on the north bank of the Kanawha, is 
situated the town of Huffncr, another suburb which 
is becoming very popular as a place of residence for 
business men of the city. 

SoiTH Charleston — On the opprjsite side of Ka- 
nawha river from Charleston, on the south is the 
suburb of South Charleston in which are located 
large iron working plants, including boiler works, 
iron foundaries. machine shops, etc., along the river 
front. Back from the river on the heights overlook- 
ing the city, is the residence portion of South 
Charleston when; the streets, roadways and grounds 
laid out in curiously odd. but very pretty designs and 
overhung with beautiful and stately shade trees, are 
in harmony with the grandly beautiful rustic scen- 
ery in close proximity. Many elegant and costly 
residences are being built in this suburb. 




\'ir\v 111! (';i|)itc)l Sti'i'ct. 



SoiTii Ri-KKXER — Kast from south Charleston, 
about two miles, on the south hank of the Kanawha 
river and on the line of the ('.A- ( ). Railroad, is 
tSoutli Hufl'ner, another resident suhurl) where many 
residences are being built. 

K.\x.\\vii.\ City — Just east of Soutii iiulfner. three 
mile.s from Charleston, is Kanawha City, a beauti- 
fully laid out town, wliere manufacturing plants are 
being established and residences are Ijeing built. 

Capitol Hii.i. — The Capitol Hill company has 
laid out lots and streets on the hills north of the city 
and a number of handsome residences have l)een liuilt, 
which form quite a nucleus for an important suburb. 

.Ml tliese suburban places are growing rajjidly and 
they bid fair to liave a combined ])o])ulation of from 
20,000 to 30,000 within the next decade. 



NATURAL RESOURCES OF 

THE KANAWHA VALLEY. 



Coal. 

rOX. A. B.FLEM INC, ox-Governor of West 
Virginia, in an address Ijcfore the Chamlier 
■ >( Commerce of Pittsburg, March 26, 1894, 
peaking of the resources of the Moun- 
tain State, said : 

" West \'irginia is a veritable store house of min- 




eral and natural wealtii. It is said, and upon au- 
thority so ancient as to l)e worthy of all acceptation, 
1 am sure, that after the Maker of the Universe had 
separated the land from the water. He set about 
l)lanting the substances which would jiroduce the 
various minerals. In one .section he distributed one 
or more kinds, in another .section other kinds, but 
when He came to West Virginia, He upset the bas- 
ket and spilled the whole on her territory. In any 
event, the fact remains, that within her boundaries 
is found nearly every valuable mineral deposit of 
every country, excejit the precious metals, gold and 
silver." 

Whatever can be said of the State of \\'est \'ir- 
ginia, or any jiart of it, can be said with truth of 
the Kanawha Valley. It is the garden spot of the 
State. It is the richest and most varied in its natural 
resources of all other sections. All the kinds of 
coal found in the State al>ound in thick licds in tiie 
Kanawha \'alley. The sidint, cannel, semi-canncl, 
steam, gas, fuel and coking coal are all found in 
Kanawha county, and there is no i)art of the county 
in which coal is not found. 

The State of West Virginia stands at the head of 
the list of all the States in coal-bearing area, it hav- 
ing within its borders 10,000 s(iuare miles of coal 
area, while Pennsylvania, the next on the list, has 
12,000 square miles, and Kentucky, the third, has 
only 9.000. The Kanawha Valley and th.e country 
drained bv the streams (lowing into the Kanawha 



river, may be said to lie right in the heart of tlii~ 
immense coal bearing area. ^^ ithin this territoi.v 
is found in thick beds every formation of the car- 
boniferous epoch. I'rof. 1. ('. White, the eminent 
geologist of the West ^■irginia University, in a re- 
cent examination between Point Pleasant, at the 
mouth of the Kanawiia river, and (juinnimont, on 
the New river, measured 1,310 feet of the lower 
coal measures, (soft, coking and steam coals), i)~i> 
feet of the middle coal measures (splint coal), and 
274 feet of the upper coal measures. The coals of 
all the.*e measures are distinguished for their purity, 
freedom from sulphur and low per cent of ash. 
The exceptional purity of tliese coals has gained for 
them very high market ratings, and they are attract- 
ing the attention of capitalists both in this country 
and in Europe. 

In the excellent work of Hon. Wm. Seymour Ed- 
wards, entitled "Coals and Cokes in West Virginia," 
are found valuable tables giving the results of chem- 
ical analyses of the coals and cokes of this State with 
ciimparisons between them and the products of coal 
fields in other states and countries. These analyses 
show that the coals of the Kanawiia Valley arc un- 
sur])as.-ed for their steam i)roducing power and for 
the production of coke by the coals of any other re- 
gion. In the high percentageof fixed en rlion, hiw jicr- 
centage of ash, and almost entire freedom from sul- 
])hur, the splint coals of the Freeport and Uppci- 
Kittanniuir i-eams, as worked in the (Ircat Kanawha 



field, are unexcelled even by the famous coals of 
Briar Hill, Ohio, which they resemble in physi<'al 
hardness, or by the coals of the Pittsburg and 
Yciughiogheny districts in Pennsylvania. The su- 
])eriority of Kanawha coals is shown by tables of an- 
alyses on pages 04 and (-io of the book above referred 
t(i. Taking the seams or mines showing the highest 
percentage of fixed carbon in the several states or 
coalfields examined we get the following resvdt : 
The higliest percentage of fixed carbon in the Kana- 
wha field is shown at Eagle mines, which is 70.47 
(ler cent: the highest in Pennsylvania, Ohio or Indi- 
ana is at ISriar Hill, Ohio, which is ()2.li6 per cent.; 
and the highest in English coal is found at "N'ork- 
shire, which is (i0.o2 jier cent. 

A talile on page 71 shows the candle power and 
gas yielding power of Kanawha coals in comparison 
with others. In the yield of cubic feet of gas per 
[lound of coal in the Kanawha Valley the highest 
percentage is found at Acme mines, which is 6.35 
]K'r cent. At Peytona, 15 miles south of Charles- 
ton, tlie percentage is G.tiO. The highest in Penn- 
sylvania is found at West IMoreland, 5.32 per 
cent. The highest in Ohio is found at Sterling, 
5.25 jier cent. The highest in Nova Scotia is 
found at Cape Breton, 5.10 per cent. The 
same table shows the candle power of gas ])er 
pound of coal. The highest percentage in the Kana- 
wha valley is found at Cannelton, (J4.54 per cent, 
and Pevtona, on Coal river, 42.711 per cent. The 



% 



p 



* ^ 




^i ^1 ^ 




Post Olliir liilililill" 



liighest in I'(iinsylvaiii;i isruuiulal \\'c>i .Mdi-chiMil. 
l().()i^ ])i'r cent. Tlic liiu'licst in Ojiio is found at 
Stfilin.L^ is. SI pel- ccntT Tin- liiL'iicst in Nova S(f>tia 
is foiuul at ('a]ic I'reton. M.'.Vl pfr <-c'nt. 

TiiK C'oAi. liiVKH Hkciox. — The tcTiitniv (liainiil 
liy tlie Coal river, coniiirisin;: atiout (iOO.OOO acres, 
wliitli is very riili in tlio carlionifcrfius deposits, is 
yet undeveloped. < )penin5rs in one of the mountains 
!!()() feet hij;li in tiiis region shows six veins of work- 
ai)ie eoal. Foliowin.Lr are the veins which have l>ceM 
opened and the analyses: 

1st vein — :i feet !• inches, dear coal Id'J feet ahove 
river. 

•.^nd vein — 7 I'eet sjilint eoal. '142 fiit aliove river. 

.Jrd vein— 2 feet II) inches splint coal, 420 feet 
aliove liver. 

-4lh vein — 5 feet cannel, oW) feet aliove river. 

oth vein- •") feet splint. oSO feet aliove river. 

(ith vein — o feet S inches. (140 f( et ahove river. 

First\-ein — .\nalysisliy F-ucius Pitkin. New York. 
.Moisture, •").;)0 percent.; volatile carhonaei-ous. 80. Nil 
per cent.; fi.xed carlion. oS.N!) jui- cent.; sulphur, 
0.()2 ]ter ci'nt.; ash, 1.2") jicr cent. 

Fourth vein — .Analysis hy ('. l'\ Chandler. \'ola- 
lile, 4(i.O0 per cent.; fixed carhon. 41.00 jier cent.; 
ash, 13.00 per cent.; .»»?, per ton of 2,240 Ihs., 14.20 
cubic feet; canille jiowcr of gas, 42.7!1 per cent.; coke, 
per ton of 2.240 ll)s.. l.SSOliis. of :W hushels ; .-ra.s, 
jHirifii-d hy one hushel of lime. 4,-">10 cubic feet. 

Fifth vein — Splint — Analysis of Lucius Pitkin. 



Moisture 1.7S per cent.: volatile combiistible. So.o.S 
percent.; fixed carbon, 55. "io percent.: sulphur, 0.fi2 
per cent. 

Sixth vein — Lower liench 5 feet <i inches of 5-feet 
(!-inch vein (Pitkin). Moisture, 1.92 percent.; vol- 
atile combustible, 33.04 per cent.; fixed carbon, 
57.30 per cent.; ash, 6.84 per cent.; sulphur, 0.98 per 
cent. 

Coke from Sixth vein — Analysis 1>y Pitkin. 
Moisture, 0.18 jier cent.; volatile eombustilde. 0.00 
per cent; fixed carbon, 8(5.03 per cent; ash, 12.9(1 
per cent; sulphur, 0.83 per cent. "Coke, eomjiaet, 
gray ; very pood for crucible test. 

Vein No. 5 is the celebrated cannel, mined years 
ago by the Pierreponts and used by the New York 
gas companies. It is the second richest coal in the 
world. 

Vein No. 5 is the ^\'inifrede vein, so well known 
as a steam coal. 

Vein No. 6 is hard to identify. It continues 
throughout the county, and neer Bald Knob is 20 
feet thick. The coke made from it is excellent. 
The coking part of this vein is prol>al)ly the same 
as the coking vein along the Kanawha river; but in 
Boone county it more nearly approaches in compo- 
.sition the den.se Connellsville coke. 

The three-foot-9-inch vein is a superl) steam coal. 
The S]ieeimens are from near the surface and yet 
they sliow Iiut 1.25 per cent, of ash. This coal does 
not cake in the fire, but fiiesajiart. By tliose who have 



seen this coal it is thought the superior of any steam 
coal in America, althout:h the vein is not verv 
thick. 

Coke. 

A table on page 77 of "Coal and Cokes of West 
Virginia" shows chemical analyses of Cokes of 
Kanawha and New River field compared with others. 
The quality of the coke from several states is here 
shown for the purpose of comparison That only 
possessing the highest percentage of fixed carbon 
and the lowest percentage of sulphur and ash in 
each of the states named, is given : 



Wci^t Virginia (Echo Mines, New 
River)..; 

West Virginia (Cedar (.irovu, Ka- 
niiwlia Kiver) 

IV'nii>^vlvania (Connellsville) 

Al;il>aina iPralt coal bed) 

• iciiriiia iMailc Mim-.'^i 

Tennessee (Daisy Mines) 



Fixed 

Carbon. 



!i7.710 

f).-).02 
S!l..')7l) 
SS.S7.'> 
7.").i>l 1 

70.s:!0 



Asb 



l.StiO 

4.40 
il.ll.-'! 

s.;);i:; 
i'i.7.'>i; 
lti.7-")ii 



.•sul- 

Jibur. 



0..").S 

II.Sl'I 

1.182 

O.tiTO 

2.1:52 



The report of the board of officers appointed bv 
the U. S Navy Department (June 19, 1884) "to 
investigate and report comparative merits of anthra- 
cite and bituminous coals for ordinary Navy uses," 
shows tlu' superiority of the West Virginia coals as 



steam producers. Following is a summary of the 
report of this board : 



X:iino of Coal. 



New River 

FrostbiirK 

Curnhcrlaiid 

Hroail To]) 

Pitt.slnir!.' 

Lacawanna 

.\'cw Ca.-tU-, En;; 



Kiii'l of Coal. 



I'crcent- 
a^reof coni- 
hust ihU' 
iiiatLTial. 



PlTclTlt- 

ape of \va- 
terevajxir- 
atetiperll). 
of coal. 



Bituminous ilS.dOOO 

8cmi-Bituminous.. 87. "(MX) 
S(i.t)700 
S(i.l2tM) 

Bituminous ill. 7470 

\nthraeite i»I.072S 

Bituminous tt4.3L'(>.') 



10.2023 
9 <t3.57 

10.0200 
H.99-40 
S.2244 



S.H.>i.s 



Salt. 

At our tiine the manufacture of salt was the prin- 
cipal industry of tlie Kanawha Valley. The brine 
which furnislied the raw material for this immense 
industry is found along the Kanawha river at a depth 
of 1,000 feet or more below the .surfoce of the earth 
and is pumped into vats and evaporated. The 
Kanawha salt has always been in demand by pork 
packers. Tiic discovery of the salt water in Mich- 
igan where cheap fuel for making salt is obtained, 
has ojierated to lower the market price of this prod- 
uct, and the industry in Kanawha is now almost en- 
tirely suspended, but with the recent discovery of 
natur.d i:as in the vicinitv of the salt wells and the 



opening of new coal mines, all tending to the cheap- 
ening of fuel, it is exi)ccted that there will soon be 
■I revival of this important industry in the Kanawha 
Valley. The brine is utilized for the manufac- 
ture of several chemicals, such a.s soda ash, bromine, 
bicarbonate of soda and other chemicals of like na- 
ture. 

Natural Gas. 

Natural gas has been found on the Kanawha nine 
miles above Charleston. It is an excellent ([uality, of 
high pressure, and is thought to be inexhaustilde. 
It is now brought to Charleston by means of a pipe 
line nine miles long and used in the city for all pur- 
poses of heating and illumination. 

Iron Ore. 

Good workable veins of blaek band iron ore, car- 
bonate iron ore. red fossil, red shale and pipe ores liave 
been found intermittinglv throughout the Kanawha, 
New River, Coal. Elk and (lauley valleys, but have 
not been developed, l)ecause of the more important 
development of the coal industry, and second, because 
of the lack of railway lines to make them accessible 
to market. 

Clays. 

A tine quality of tire clay abounds in every sec- 



tion of the county, as also a good (lualitv oi' potter's 
clay. Tlie want oif cai>ital by the owners of tliese tire 
clay lands has jirevcnted or retarded their dcveloj)- 
ment. The manufacture of lirick and pottery fronj 
these clays promises to be among tiie most impor- 
tant industries <if thi' Kanawha. 

Buildino; Stone. 

The sand stone of the Kanawha \'alley is excel- 
lent for Iniiiding purposes and is now used very ex- 
tensively, it is remarkably hard, clear and diu-a- 
ble, and is famous throughout the country for its 
superiority. Nearly all the public buildings of 
Charleston are constructed of this stone, as also are 
the government locks and dams on the Kanawha 
river. A sui)erior quality of brown stone is found 
on the New river close to Charleston. This stone is 
also extensively used in l)uildings in Charleston and 
a great deal of it is shipped to distant sections of 
the country. 

Glass Sand. 

There is an abundance of glass sand found in the 
Kanawha Valley, but it is yet undevelojied. 

Timber. 

It is .said upon good autliority that West \'irginia 
has more of a surplus of hard woods than any other 



ten states in the I'nion. Half of the State is covered 
with virgin forests of hardwoods, such as white-oak, 
chestnut-oak, black-oak, red-oak, hickory, locust, 
white maple, sugar maple, cherry, bireh, gum, black 
walnut, sycamore, etc., and soft woods, such as pine, 
tulii) poplars, lindens, cucumbers, buckeyes, ashes, 
and hemlocks. Mr. George W. Summers, in his 
World's Fair book entitled the "Mountain State," 
says on this subject : "These splendid forests of 
thousands of acres of untmiehed timber, where 
nearly every kind of timber found in the North 
American continent may be seen, \vhere trees grow 
to such size that ordinary methods will not sufliceto 
handle them, and where the forests are so thick that 
the light of day scarce penetrates their shade, and 
jxithways must be cut before the axeman can find 
room to work, have yielded annually millions of 
feet of timljer, which has gone to nearly every coun- 
try on earth and given to ^\'est \'irginia tinii)er a 
world wide reputation. Frt)m European countries 
capital has come and been invested in the woods of 
West Virginia, and agents come from England every 
year to purchase West Virginia tindjer. No finer 
oak or jtoplar grows beneath the sun than that which 
may be found in almost any county in the State. 
The magnificent size, the excellent quality of the 
timber, and the great variety, give to the timber 
lands iif West \'irginia unusual value, and have, 
pai'ticularly in the last few years, attracted the at- 
tention of timber men from almost every quarter." 



INDUSTRIES OF THE 

KANAWHA VALLEY. 



IIK industrial (li'Vcli)|iiiiL'iit of the Kaiiawlia 
Valley may be paid to have begun about the time 
^^the first railroad (the C. & O.) was constructed 
throuirh the Kanawha Valley and put into operation 
(about 1S72.) At that tinu' only three collieries were 
in operation in the southern part of the Slate, or more 
particularly speakinjr, in the Kanawha and New 
River valleys. These were the Kanawha and Ohio 
Coal Company's mines, at Coalburfr, the Campbell's 
Creek Coal Company's mines at Campbell's Creek, 
near Maiden, and the Raymond City Coal Company's 
mines at Raymond City, in I'utnam county. Each 
of these companies had been shipping coal exclu- 
sively by boats and barges on the Kanawha river in 
its then unsatisfactory condition, before the United 
States (iovernment had taken hold of the river to 
imjirove it by a system of locks and dams. The de- 
velopment of the coal industry advanced at a rapid 
rate when the work of constructing the k)cks and dams 
began. Every year added new collieries to the list 
till nowjthe collieries in the Kanawha and New River 
valleys number over seventy, and new mines are 
licing o])rncfl constantly. Over nine thousand 



men arc now enij)loyed in mining coal in the 
Kanawha and New River valleys, and the production 
of coal and coke in this region amounted to 3,7oS,- 
7:V2 tons for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1S93. 

The rai>id development of the coal and coke in- 
dustry of the Kanawha and New River valleys and 
of the southern part of West Virginia indicates that 
this will soon become the centre of the coal and coke 
indu.stry and trade of the entire continent. The su- 
periority of Kanawha coals and cokes, the low cost 
of their production and the splendid transportation 
facilities afforded by the two trunk line railroads and 
the Kanawha river with its system of locks and 
dams, affording a boating stage at all times, combine 
to give the Kanawha Valley jjroducers decided ad- 
vantage over their com])etitors in the markets from 
other fields. As an inevitable conseciuence Kanawha 
coals have been enabled to win their way into mar- 
kets 2.000 miles distant and to virtually control the 
markets of the lower Ohio and Mi.^sissipi valleys. 
Already a great deal of that immense coal industry 
that has made I'cnnsylvania one of the wealthiest 
states of the Union "is being transferred to the 
Kanawha and New River valleys on account of the su- 
perior quality of the coal, the low co.stof production 
the iiro.ximit'y to the western markets and the supe- 
rior shipjiing facilities. 

In the w()rk of Mr. Edwards, -'Coals and Cokes of 
West Virginia." from which extracts have already 



been inserted in these iwges, will be Ibund interest- 
ing tables (pages 114 and 115) showing in striking 
contrast the superior economy with which Kanawha 
coals are mined in comparison with those of Penn- 
sylvania fields. During the past ten years the i)riees 
j)aid the miner in the Kanawha district have uni- 
fonnly averaged from 7 to 14 cents per ton (} to i a 
cent per bushel) less than in the Pittsburg and Penn- 
sylvania districts. For the years lSi)0 and 1.S91 the 
prevailing rate in the Kanawha district has been 
77 cents per ton (21 cents per bushel) as against S4 
and 9.S cents per ton (3 and 3^ cents per bushel) 
paid in the First and Second Pennsylvania districts 
( Youghiogheny and Monongahela) for both railroad 
and river coals, or 70 and 84 cents |)cr ton in the 
Fourth Monongahela pool collieries averaging ^ cent 
per bushel less. Within the last year the jirices of 
mining in the Kanawha field have been reduced to 
30 and 40 cents per ton for soft coal and 50 to 62i 
cents per ton for hard coal. 

Another table in Mr. Edwards' l)ook giving the 
prices paid per ton for the mining of the softer gas 
and steam coal of the Kanawdia, New River and 
Flat Toj) Mountain districts, reveals a yet greater re- 
duction of first cost in favor of the 'West Virginia 
producer. The prices paid the miner in the ]\Ieigs 
and Belmont districts, in Oliio, averaged 40 and 50 
cents per ton during the year 1891-2, while the 
price paid the miner in the Kanawha di.strict was 49 



cents per ton at Eagle mines, 50 cents at Powellton, 
(40 cents for 1891) and 25 cents at Ansted mines, 
with 50 cents in the New River district for both 
years and 85, 31 and 25 in the Flat Top districts. 

As has already been intimated, the Kanawha 
coals, on account of their sui)eriority and proximity 
to market, are ousting the Pittsburg coals from the 
markets of the lower Oliio and Mississiiipi. xVnother 
table in Mr. l'"ilwards' book gives comparisons of 
total bituminous coal receipts in the Cincinnati 
markets for seventeen years, show'ing — 

First- That in 1874-5 Kanawha coal receipts in 
Cincinnati were about one-fifih of the Pittsburg coal 
receiiits. and that in 1890 and 1891 Kanawha coal 
receipts ha<l increased to almost one-half of Pitt.s- 
burg coal receipts. 

Second — That in 1874-5 Kaiiawlia coal receipts 
were about one-fourth less than all l>ituminous coal 
receipts other than Pittsburg, and in 1890-1 Kana- 
wha coal receipts were over twice as much. 

Third — That while in 1874-5 Kanawha coal re- 
ceipts equaled one-eighth of all bituminous coal 
received in Cincinnati markets, in 1890-1, Kanawha 
coal receipts had grown to be over one-fourth of all, 
and in an increasing market. 

Fourth — That in seventeen years Kanawha coal 
had gained on Pittsburg coals 2G per cent ; gained 
on all other bituminous coals 140 per cent, and 
on an increasing market 14 per cent. 



Lumber. 



TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES. 



Next ill iiiiiiortaiR-c to tliL' coal industry of the 
Kaiiawlia Valley is that of lumber. Fnmi 1 '2,000 
to lo.nOD jjerson"?; are eugaped in euttin<; timber and 
manul'aeturinfiit into lumber lor buildini: and otlier 
purjioses. The lumlier industry is yet in its in- 
fancy, for as new railroad lines which are now l)eing 
pushed into the untouclicd forests of hard woods, 
makinp them accessible to market, this industry 
will increase. 

Other Industries. 

The industries of tin- Kanawlia Vallry are nu- 
merous and varied. They include, besides niinin<; 
coal and manufacturing lumber, the quarrying and 
marketing of building stone, manufacturing of 
building and paving brick, mining fire (lay, manu- 
facture of tobacco and cigars, woolen fabrics, wagons, 
carts, coaches and buggies, building boats, manufac- 
ture of furniture, milling, agriculture, horticulture, 
&e 

Charleston is not, in any sense, a boom town, but 
its growtli has been healthy, substantial and rapid. 
The steady increase of the o"utput of its factories and 
the expansion of the trade of its merchants have 
never been retarded by financial panic^s and busi- 
ness depressions. 



By Rail. 

lI.VKLKstON is fortunately situated with 
regard to direct connections with the sur- 
'roiiiiiling country by railroads running in all 
lirections. 

The ('liesai>eake and Ohio railway, which touches 
Charleston, traverses the Kanawlia and New River 
valleys on the south bank, giving to Charleston ;a 
trunk line i-as/wanf through the timber, coal and 
coking regions west of the Alleghenies and direct 
rail connections with the Ea.^t, Northeast and South- 
east, and 7i'est7i'<irJ. giving the city direct rail con- 
nections with the West, Northwest and Soutliwest. 
The trunk line of the C. ^- (). Railway lietween the 
East and West is fed with an immense local traflie 
in West Virginia by numerous short branches run- 
ning out from the main line, north and south to the 
coaland coking works and the various manufiictur- 
ing plants now being established in the interior. 

The Kanawlia and Michigan railway whose north- 
ern terminus is at Toledo. Ohio, and southern 
terminus at Gauley Bridge, West Vairginia, 3S miles 
east of Charleston, where it connects with the C. A- ( ). 
main line by means of a steel bridge s])anning the 
New River, traverses the Kanawha Valley on the 



north hank of tlu' river, passes througli Charlc-ston. 
jiarallcling the Kanawha river for 05 miles and the 
('. <V- (). Iiaihvay for 53 miles. 

Thus the two railroads, (the C. it 0. R'y and the 
K. it M. K'y), and the (Jreat Kanawha river give to 
Charleston three competing lines of transportation, 
east and west, and putting freight rates down to the 
minimum. The Kanawha and Michigan railway 
also connects with the C. & O. short line which mns 
up the valley of the Gauley, and which, when com- 
pleted, will connect with the West Virginia and 
Pittshurg railway (a member of the Camden system) 
at t'aniden-on-(iauley. The t'amden svstem consists 
of a net work of railroa<l lines covering the interior 
of the State immediately north of Charleston. 

The Charleston, Clendennin and Sutton Railroad 
is an independent short line road running out from 
Charleston up the valley of the Elk river It was 
built mainly by Charleston capitalists, and is de- 
signed, first, to open up and develop the rich coal 
deposits of the Elk valley, together with the other 
minerals and timber of that country; and second, to 
furnish a direct rail line to the interior of the State, 
connecting at Sutton with the CJamden system of 
roads. The C. C. & S. is now constructed and in 
operation as lar as Clendennin, 21 miles north of 
Charleston, and the work of constructing the road 
will be pushed ahead as speedily as possible till Sut- 
ton is reached. 



The following table shows the distance from Char- 
leston to the principal points east and west: 

(iOING EAST. 



South Kull'ner 2 

SiKiw Hill 4 

Daiui ■"> 

Maiden I> 

lliirninu Springs .H 

Piatt i» 

I'.niwnstdwn 10 

Witclicrs ll' 

Winifri'ile I'! 

Slirewslmry li> 

Ciialburf.' 17 

CiMJar (imve IS 

Riverside I'D 

I'aint Creek L'L' 

R(ie 23 

Ilandley -'4 

Miintfromery 2(i 

Cannelton 2(i 

lOagle L'9 

i\It. Carbon ., :il 

I.onp Creek :!- 

Kanawlia Falls "iii 

(ianli'V :'>S 

Cnttnl'l Hill 4.-. 

Hawk's Nest 4.') 

Favette oO 

Xuttall 52 



Miles. 

Caperton .Vi 

Sewcll T)? 

Fire Creek 5il 

Tluirinond ()3 

Stone Clifl' (i-i 

MeKendree 71 

I'rinee 74 

Quinniniont 7o 

Ilinton it7 

Taleott 107 

Lowell lO'.l 

Alderson IKS 

Fort Spring 12-") 

Konccvertc 131 

White Sulphur 142 

Covington, Va 10" 

Clifton Forge 17i> 

Staiuiton 2;)li 

Cliarlottshillc 27:! 

Washington :«8 

Haltiuiore 481 

Hichniond oilll 

Newjiort News 444 

Old IN.int 4o4 

Philadelphia 5:57 

New York (117 



GOING WEST. 



Elk City 

West Charli'ston 

Hlack Biiiiil 

Mimnd 

Spring Hill 

Kawn 

Farm 

St. Albans 

Satti-s 

Lewis 



Miles. 
1 



Lock Seven 

Poca 

Scott 

Ravnionil Citv 

Cade's : 

(iueen City 

Hurricane 

Heil House 

Midwav 

Miltnn" 



s 
AM. 
. ]■-' 
. 18 
. 14 
,. IS 
. Ill 
. 1!) 
. 21 



2(i 
36 



l-.utlal.i 

Ona 

Harboursville 

(4uyanilotte 

Huntinj.'lon 

Kello^'}.' 

Ceredii 

Kenova 

Toint I'leasant.... 

Catlettsl)ur<.' 

(ialliiKiIis 

Ashland 

MiddleiMirt 

Russell (I ronton) 

Athens 

Portsmouth 

JIaysville 

Colunilius 

Covintrtcn iKy.l. 
Cincinnati 



Mile 



. 36 
. 36 
. 41 
. 47 
,. 50 

.74 

.. 55 
. 57 
. 57 
. 60 
. 61 
. 66 
. 6<» 
. 70 
.106 
.107 
.14S 
.191 
.210 
.212 



The roatl.s, leading out from Charleston in five 
flifterent directions, furnish railroad facilities on- 
joyed by but few cities of its size in the country. 
Leaving Charleston you can reach Huntington in 
1:19 (one hour and nineteen minutes); Cincinnati, 
o:44; Point Plea.sant. 2:lo : Gallipoli.s, 2:45 ; Colum- 
bus, 8:30: Parkcrsburg, 6:00; Wheeling, 10:00; 
Montgomery, :44 ; Hinton, 2:53; White Sulphur 
Springs. 4:31 : Clifton Forge. 5:4S : Staunton, 7:57; 
Charlottesville. 9:14; Richmond, 13:23; Newport 



News, 15:58; Old Point. IC.;:;:',: Washington. 12:45; 
Baltimore, 13:57; Philadeli)hia, l(i:08; New York, 
18:43. A business man can leave Charleston at 7 
o'clock in the evening, after business hours and ar- 
rive in New York at 1 o'clock the next day, trans- 
act business in that city and leave at 5 o'clock on his 
return and reach Charleston the next day at 12:40 
(noon) being absent from home only 41 hours and 
40 minutes. 

By Water. 

Charieston is fortunately located also with refer- 
ence to water transportation. It is situatetl on the 
north bank of the (Jreat Kanawha river, which Hows 
into the Ohio at Point Pleasant, 26:> miles below^ 
Pittsburg, and which opens up toshipiters the entire 
inland water way of the continent, for all Ohio and 
Missi.ssipj)i ports, affording over 16,000 miles of in- 
land water navigation. The construction by the 
United States government, of a s])leiidid system of 
locks and dams on the Kanawha, which is now 
nearly comjdeted, gives to the river a navigable 
dej)th of water of six feet at all times, and affords 
a means of cheap trans|)ortation not surjia.ssed by 
that of any other inland city in the United States. 
The object of the construction of the locks and dams 
in the Kanawha river was to give a C(mstant naviga- 
ble depth of water of six feet from Point Pleasant, 
wdiere the Kanawha joins the Ohio, 5Si miles west of 
Cliarleston. to the foot of Loujt creek shoals. 26 miles 




Look anil Dam Xo 6, four Mili-s bfl'iw '"liark'slcui. Xirw of part of th<' i>aiii 'Ihf ■■Naviiration Pass" part) (hiriiis fomilriiclioii. ImshN- of i!n' 

cofTer dam iif\t l<> llie luck. TIk' foutiUatioiis of tliis part of tin- work ar<' slmwii lu-arly runiplrii'd Om- ujckct and nni' hrlilizc trrstli- arc stand iii<: in 

1)laee next to tlii' lock wall. Several wicket horses and props, ready to n-c.-ivi' llif wickt-ts, an' also itccI in jdar-i-. oiIht irons, as hurtcr.s. tn-stlc 
joxes. t,Vc.. also partly placed. 



east of C'hark'Ston, iiKikinjj a cmitimious slack water 
navigation of SlOi miles, tln> slack water reaching GA 
miles above the tirst lock ami dam. 

The movable clams on the Kanawha river were the 
first constructed in Amerii'a. Their usefulness and 
adajjtability are now thoroughly recognized and 
established" The dams are kept uj) while the water 
is low to jiroduce the required navigable depth in tlie 
river (6 feet), and down during seasons of high 
water to permit boats to pass over. Their advantage 
over the ordinary fixed dams for commerce on a 
river such as the (Ireat Kanawha, are very decided. 
as they furnish a navigable stage of water without 
its usiial drawbacks. With fixed dams everything 
must pass through the locks, and with them navi- 
gation is entirely suspended when the river is nearly 
or quite above the lock walls. With movable dams 
the locks are used only when the natural stage of 
water is so low as to render them necessary to ]iro- 
duce the required navigable depth. At all other 
times the dams lay down tlat on the lied of the river, 
out of the way, aflording unobstructed navigation. 
This is a great advantage to all classes of (ommerce. 
and it is particularly so with coal, which is trans- 
ported to market in fleets of large barges. It will of 
course be understood that more barges can be taken 
by a tow-boat and better time made on an ojien 
river, where there is sufficient water for such navi- 
gation, than when the stage of water is so low as to 
render the locks and dams neeessarv. Another ad- 



vantage derived from the movalile dams, and a very 
decided one, is the wash and scour that is given to 
the banks of the river by the strong current when 
the dams are down. 

The following table taken from the report of Mr. 
A. M. Scott, assistant U. S. Engineer to W. P. 
Craighill, and published in the annual report of the 
Chief of Engineers of the U. S. Government, shows 
the principal tonnage of freight shijjped on the 
Kanawha river for the year ending June 30, 1893: 



AKTICLE.'<. 



.1^' -ENTITY. 



Coal (l)upliels) 

Timber (feet li. M.) 

Oak sty 



Tanliaik (cords) 

Ilodjiimles 

Railroad Ties 

.<liiiit.'les 

Brick 

Mdse., etc., by steamboats.. 



Total. 



22,!)S:?,000 

l'i»,.S()0,IM)(l 

1,717,S()0 

(>SL' 

s:t',0(Ki 

."i7(l.<KM) 

L',S.">().I)(X) 

L'.')0,llOll 



ToX.SAliK. 



<I1!I,(MK) 

4S,(X)0 

.'),»)( H) 

(!S-2 

•_',()S() 

S."),.50() 

430 

(i2."i 

.53,S0<) 



l,ll(v5:?7 



The total tonnage on the great Kanawha river for 
181)2, as shown by the government authorities was 
1,360.750 tons. " The shipment of coal by river 
that vear was 20,787,788 bushels (1,071,511 tons). 
The temiwrary falling ofif in 1892 was no doubt due 
to the general business depression and a remark- 




IjOck 1111(1 Dniii No 7. 
«;i!l. ilflrr llii- I'ciiliph'li 

hi'iuii ' nil llic swin":.' < 



uiii' luiU- Im'Iow SL Alljiiiis Inside (if Isl 
Ml of ttiis |»:irl of rhc roinHl:iri(nis. Oin' u 
ir fin hesc'ile. 



<liiiii for Nuvl^iiiion Ttiss. ut'.M tci lock 
•vic'i- Itrid^c tn-sth' ill | laci-— the Hioivct 



ably low water season in tiie lower or uuiniiaovcd 
part of the Kanawha and in the Ohio 

As will be seen by tlic foregoinfj table eoal is the 
principal product shi])ped to the market. The 
manner of shipping coal on the Kanawha and Ohio 
rivers is by means of barijes towed by steam tugs or 
"tow boats". It secures remarkably cheap transiior- 
tation. the freight rates being the lowest (probably 
without exi'e|)tion) of any inland transportation in 
the world. The coal barges themselves, considering 
their capacity and service, are cheap carriers They 
cost from SSOO to SI, 200 and last aliout ten years. 
The barges are generally about 130 feet long, 25 feet 
wide anil 7i feet deep. A Iiarge carries from 10,000 
to 14,000 bu.shels. or from 400 to SGO tons of coal. 
The average, 1,200 buslicls or 480 tons, ecjuals the 
capacity of a railroad train of 20 cars of 20 tons 
each. A small tow of 4 barges, easily handled by a 
small tow boat and j)asse<l through the locks when 
the dams are up at one lockage, have nearly or (piite 
50,000 bushels, or 2,000 tons, enough to fill 10 
freight cars of 20 tons each. In open navigation a 
tow boat handles from 4 to 14 barges, the number 
depending upon the stage of the liver and the size 
of the tow Ixjat. On the Ohio, from the mouth of 
the Kanawha down, the Kanawha tow l)oats handle 
from 14 to .'U barges. A fleet of 30 barges carries 
about 37").(KJ() bushels or lo,000 tons. It is ascer- 
tained that this amount of coal loaded into 20 ton 
cars would equal the amount contained in 30 rail- 



road trains of 2") cars each, or a continuous train of 
car.s oh miles long. 

The general rate for towing coal from the Charles- 
ton pool to Cincinnati is one cent i)er bushel, or 25 
cents per ton Operatoi's who hire liarges |iay half a 
cent a bushel rent for the barge, making the cost of 
the transportation of coal to Cincinnati to o])erators 
who hire both barges and towing, H cents per 
bushel, or 37i cents per ton. This includes the re- 
turn of the empty barge to the mine. The rate to 
Cincinnati, a distance from Charleston of 2((3 miles 
by the river, is one-seventh of a cent per ton per 
mile. For longer di.stances, or to points on the Ohio 
and Mississippi below Cincinnati, the rates per mile 
are much less. The rates from Cincinnati to Louis- 
ville and points between, average about lOi cents 
jter ton, making the cost from the Charleston pool 
to Louisville, including towing and rent and return 
of barge, 48 cents jier ton. The distance from 
Charleston to Louisville being 304 miles, makes the 
rate 1 21-100 mills per ton ])er mile. These rates, it 
will be .seen, are for comparatively short distances. 
A considerable quantity of Kanawha coal is towed 
to points on the lower Mississii)pi, as far down as 
New Orleans. The distance from Charleston to 
New Orleans is 1,770 miles, and the rate lor the 
transportation of coal to that point is SL25 jier ton, 
or about one-fourteenth of a cent per ton ])er mile. 
The average rate by rail is one-third of a cent per 
mile. 




Lock and Djini No. 7. Showing inside of ]Bt section of Coffer dam for navitjatioii jnss. nt-xt lo llie lock wall, afterconipletioii of tiiis imrt nf tlic t«iiind:i- 
tions. One wicketand one service bridpe trestle in place— both lyins down. 



Tliese are the rates that pivvail on the river at 
present, but as tlie construction of the locks antl 
dams progresses and business increases, the tendency 
is all the time to lower rates. The rates given aliove 
apply to operators who liire both Ijargesand towing. 
To operators wlm own their own barges, or tow- 
boats, or both, as many of the princii>al operators on 
the river do, the cost of transportation is very much 
decrca.sed. These rates, it must also be remembered, 
are for trans]iortation over the river in its present 
condition, three of the locks and dams being vet 
uncom])leted. 

The benefits to result from the com])letion of the 
three remaining locks and dams (now under con- 
struction and to l)eeonii)leted in ISiKi), not alone t" 
Charleston and the (ireat Kanawha Valley Init to 
the entire region of the lower Ohio and Mississi|i])i 
valleys, in the interest of cheap transportation, are 
obvious and important The daily guage record 
kei>t at Charleston, on the Kanawha and at Point 
Pleasant ontheOhio (at the mouth of the Kanawha) 
for a period of eleven years, shows that at Charles- 
ton the gauge read (> feet or more, on an average of 
140 days in the year, while on the Ohio river at 
Point Pleasant the guage read (i feet or more on an 
average of 251 days in the year, or in otlier words, 
there was a natural boating stage in the Ohio river 
111 days more in the year than in the Kanawlia. 
This was. of course, before the locks and dams were 
built which furnished n iiool stage at and below 



Charleston. This record shows that without locks 
and dams on the Kanawha, coal can l)e shipped on 
the Ohio from Point Pleasant down a considerable 
longer time (111 days) in the year than on the 
Kanawha Piver.and indicates the iinmenseadvantage 
to be derived by Charleston and the Kanawha by 
the cohiplction of the .system of locks and dams, 
which will givea boating .stageon the Kanawha river 
the wiiole year around. 

These facts and figures in regard to the river im- 
provement, manner and rates of tran.sportation. i<:c.. 
are taken from the official re]>orts of Mr. A. .M. 
Scott. C S. resident engineer, to Col. Win. P. 
Craighill. ])ublislied in tiie reports of the Chief of 
Engineers. The following extract is also from one 
of these reports (that for IS.S'.l). In that report Mr. 
Scott says : 

"The coni])letion of tlie slack water improvement 
will practically put the Kanawha coal fields much 
nearer market. On corresponding stages of water 
in the Ohio and Great Kanawha the same tow boat 
takes nearly or (piite three times as many barges in 
a fleet in the Ohio from the mouth of the (neat Ka- 
nawha down as can be handled safely in the latter 
stream. This is owing mainly to the diHereiK-e in 
the width of the two rivers. Conse(|nently it always 
takes a tow boat at least three days in the Kanawha 
after a ri.<e begins, to get through enough i>arges to 
the mouth of the river, to make a full fleet or "tow" 
for the Ohio. It often hap]>ens, too. that the Kana- 

4 




Lock and Dam Nri 0. Sliowiii;; thn Dam ii}>. Viow taken from the abutment side. Tow-boat with empty coal barges just passing out or ilio 
lock. Pan or the Wfir of the rtnni is o) en. a few of the weir wicKi'ls and Ijridae trestles next to the abutment itlie alnitiiienl is not show ii in tin' 
picture!, liavint; I u put down on jo-i-ount ot a small rise in the river. 



wha rise will run out" before the tow in made up. 
It is well known that when a coal hoat rise occurs at 
Pittsi)urg ami on the Great Kanawha at the same 
time, the Pittsburg tows pass Point Plea.smt before 
the Kanawha tows are ready to start from there. 
Thi.s "iloubling" in the Kanawha to get a lleet ready 
to start from the mouth represents, lioth in time and 
expense, fully three hundred miles in distance, with 
full tows in the Ohio. After the slack water im- 
I)rovenient is completed the great part of the coal 
mined for river shijmient during low water stages 
(/. (•. when the movable dams are up) will be 
locked down to the mouth aliout as /ast as the 
barges are loaded, with smaller tow boats, too, and 
less ex])ense than now, and held there ready to go 
down the Ohio as the water in that stream admits. 
The slack water will be of great advantage, too, in 
affording reliable navigation for the nrturn of empty 
barges. There is much troui)le now about this in low 
stages and it is a freijuent cause of suspension at the 
mines. In short, the continuation of the locks and 
dams to the mouth of the river will not only or 
quite double the time for shii)ping coal, but will, in 
ettect, put the great Kanawha coal fields about 300 
miles nearer the markets of the lower Ohio and 
Mississippi valleys." 

Since this report was written two additional locks 
and dams have been completed, (Nos. 7 and N), and 
about "20 miks of .slack water has been added thereby 
to the slack water system of the Great Kanawha 



river, aHbrding already much of the a<lvaiitages 
which Mr. Scott anticipates for the Kanawha ship- 
pers when the locks and dams shall have been com- 
pleted to the mouth of the river. As lias already 
been stated, the .system will be finished within two 
years, the contracts providing that the remaining 
locks and dams, Nos. 9, 10 and 11, now under con- 
struction, shall be comi)leteil in the year 1S9(J. 

Practically speaking, the comi)letion of theCJov- 
ernnient improvement of tiie Kanawha river will 
transfer, in a very large measure, the immense coal 
industry of the Pittsburg region to the Kanawha 
Valley, as Pennsylvania coal operators cannot suc- 
cessfully compete with the Kanawha operators in 
the markets of the lower Ohio and Mississii)pi val- 
leys after the V. S. Government completes its system 
of locks and damson the Kanawha river. 

These locks and dams being constructed and op- 
erated l)y the (fovernnient, the shipper is at no ex- 
pense, whatever, in the way of tolls or charges for 
lockage — another advantage of Kanawha coal opera- 
tors over their Pennsylvania competitors who have 
to pay tolls of from '2A to 7i cents on every ton of 
coal shipj)ed on the Monongahela river. 



Soni° classes of real estate in Charleston have 
trebleil in value within the last six or eight years. 
This is the result of the rai>iil building up of indus- 
tries in and about the citv. 




-> 




>"T— — pijiMiinfrTiT^"-""' 

1 'tiVk ^ 











\'icH(Hi tln'(irf!tt K!in:iwti:i 
is ccinTilll.v -JS Ifcl widi'. 130 Ic 






A lliM't of loudfil 
draught fruin (i to 



fi:il 1 :iri.'HS (with twii tow lion Is.) tied up in The No. ti or Clmrlfstoii I'ool. A c'(.ml lijirjii* 
ri.il. C:!! :i.-il,\ loioli.l 1(1 (i'/4 li'i'l is :ibout 14,000 btislu'ls or 560 tons. 



A PROSPECTIVE VIEW. 



Ill*; industrial dovolopinent of the Kanawha 
i> ytt scarcoly begun. The eomiiletion of the 
lines of railroads now under eonstruction 
ami the huildiiifr of the other lines soon to 1)0 
begun will open up vast fields of tinilier and min- 
erals yet untouclied by railway lines. The Charles- 
ton, Clendennin and Sutton railroad, now und(M- 
construction and soon to be coni])leted to Sutton, <S() 
miles north of Chai'leston, where it connects with 
the West N'irginia and PittsV>urg railroad, will open 
up the Elk Valley territory, rieli in minerals and 
timber, anil witii the opening ol the coal mines, the 
building of coke ovens and the establishment of 
lumber manufactories along the Elk river will con- 
tribute a large trade to Charleston. 

The valley of the Gauley is also being opened up 
l)y a new branch of the Chesapeake it Ohio railway. 
This is another territory rich in natural resources, 
and the completion of this road, whicli is also to con- 
nect with tlie West \'irginia and Pittsburg road, 
will result in opening up valuable industries which 
will be tributary to ('harleston. 

Far the most important line of railway now in 
comteni))lation. and which will likely l)c completed 
within the next two or three years, is the Chesapeake 
it Ohio line, which will bcL'in at Huntington, run 



u]) the (iuyandotte river to I-ogan Court lIou.se, 
tlience through Logan and Wyoming counties, in 
each of which the coal and timber are yet almost 
untouched, to the head-waters of the Guyandotte, 
where the mountain will be tunnelled to unite this 
branch with tiie Piney river branch leading out 
from the C di O. main line in Raleigh countj'. This 
line is to be constructed for a two-fold purpose, first, 
to give the C. Ot O. railway a |)arallel track through 
the coal and timber regions of southern West Vir- 
ginia, and stcond. to get possession of the territory 
lying between the two lines in order to develo]) the 
minerals of this region. The Vandcrbilts. who havi' 
a controlling interest in the C. it O. Railway Com- 
}»any, have ])urcha.sed large tracts of timber and 
mineral lands in this territory, and this new line is 
to be Ijuilt for the purpose of bringing the products 
of this immense territory to market. 

It is expected that by the fir.st of August. 1894, 
work will be begun on the con.-^truction of the Coal 
River railroad, which is to begin at St. Albans, 
twelve miles west of Charleston, and run up the 
Coal river to the jun<'tion of 15ig and Little Coal and 
thence one line up eacli Big and Little Coal rivers to 
reach the rich bcils of coal and forests of valual>le 
hard wood timber to be found in great abundance in 
the coal river basin. John 1). Hockafeller, the mil- 
lionaire oil king, is interested in the construction of 
this roach and it will likely be pushed through with- 
out delay. The development of tlie Coal River 



<'ouiitry will lir III' imiiienso value to Chai-let^ton, as 
all the trade (if that CDiiiitrv eomes tn the Capitol 
City. 

A coiupany hiu- heeii cirganized to hiiilda railroad 
to begin at Belva, on the Gauley River in Nicholas 
■county, and run to the mouth of Blue C'reek, on the 
Elk River, in Kanawha eounty. This road will con- 
nect with liotli the C. c^- O., short line on Gauley 
river and the Charleston. Clondennin and Sutton on 
P^lk river and is designed to develop a new territory 
of minerals and timber. 

A company has just been formed to build a rail- 
road to l)egin at Cannelton, '2(i miles east of Charleston 
and run u]i liell creek to open up the <-oal and tim- 
ber of tliat territory. 

Numerous short line railroads running out from 
the trunk line of the C. iV: O. R'y, have already been 
constructed, anil they are i-apidly developing the 
country through which they penetrate. Among 
those are the Kanawha and Coal River railroad uj) 
Davis creek, 15 miles long ; Fields Creek road. (1 
miles long; Cabin Creek road, 15 miles long; Paint 
Creek road, (1 miles long ; Armstrong Creek road, 6 
miles long; Morris Creek road, 7 miles long. 



Nuuit'rous other short lirnnihrs will be cdnstructed 
within the next year. 

With the completion (if the railroads now under 
construction and .soon to be constructed, and the 
completion of the slackwater navigation ou the 
Kanawha, the coal, timl)er, and other industries of the 
Kanawha Valley will be increased ten-fold within 
the next live or six years, as there are raw materials 
hert! for a large variety of manufactories, such as 
the mining of tire-clay, iron-ore, the boring for and 
production of ]ietroleuiu. rock and carbon oils, the 
manufacture (if vai'idus kinds of brick, crockeiy 
ware and pottery ware. 



TO HOME SEEKERS. 




i-L those who are .seeking new homes or 
(ipportutunities for the investment of cajiital, 
(OJ -* wheri' handsome profits can be realized, are in- 
vited to come to Charleston and .satisfy them.selves 
of the unsurpassed advantages offered here. 



Ward's Marine Boiler Worl<s. 

Amimj; the Icatlinn; industries of Charleston are 
tlie Wanl Marino Water Tube Boiler and Engineering 
Works, owned and oi)erated by 
Mr. Charles Ward. These bni lens 
are oelel^rated everywhere for 
their great strength, niininiuni 
weight, maximum generative 
power, compactness, absolute 
safety, rapid cirrulatinn, dry 
steam, ease of transportation and 
repair. They are specially adapt- 
ed to ocean vessels, as they sus- 
tain the vibratory motions of 
steam vessels, yachts, packets, 
tugs , etc. They are fitted and 
furnished complete at the works 
with ash pans, grates, casing, fire 
brick and fire tile lining, smoke 
hood, smoke stack, patent i>op 
safetv valves of legal area, steel 
combination water column, with 
glass water gauge, dry cocks and 
blow off valves, in accordance 
with the requirements of the 
United States inspection laws. Each boiler is tested 
to 300 pounds hydraulic jiressure before leaving 
the works. The construction of these generators 
is very simple and consequently there is but 



little loss of time in making repairs. They are 
used in the muddiest o:' rivers and are easily 
cleansed. They are so arranged that the mud 
does not collect in the various ])arts, but upon enter- 




ing the boiler, it is at once i)rccipitated to the bottom 
of an interior cylendar, from which it is expelled 
very easily l)y blowing off. iSteam engineering has 
been in a great measure revolutionized by the intro- 



ductioii of the Ward Steam ( i(iicnit"is. tlicv liavini: 
l)cen the first water tiihe steam u'eiierators to be iiscil 
by the United States \avv and Merchant Marine. 
Since their first introduction into tlie service they 
have rapidly come into great favor and are now in 
use upon a large nuniher of vessels, both in the Uni- 
ted States Navy and the Merchant Marine. The 
great battle sliip Monterey, l)uilt for .service as a 
coast defense vessel, is fitted with the Ward Boilers. 
Hundreds of private yachts, cutters, launches and 
other vessels pro]ielled by steam jiowcr carry the 
Ward Boilers, and the owners of these vessels after 
a thorough trial of the boilers sjx'ak of them in the 
highest terms of jiraise. 

Mr. Chas. Ward, the in\-entor of these boilers, and 
owner of the woi-ks, is recognized as a high autliority 
on steam engineering by ship owners and marine 
people generally throughout the country. He is a 
meml)er of the Society of American Mechanical En- 
gineers, a mcmlicr of the Society of Naval Archit"ets 
and Marine Engineers, and of the American Societv 
of Naval Engineers. He was also a niendu'r of the 
Advi.sory Council of the International Engineers' 
Congress of tlie M'orld's Fair. 

The Ward I5oiler Works is a large i>lant. Its 
12,000 square feet of floor sjiace is covered with the 
most inipproved machinery, and yet Mr. Ward is 
pushed to keej) up witli the orders which are crowd- 
ing in ujion him. The increase of work recently 
has necessitated tlie working of over-time. Bi'siiles 



the large force of artisans employed at the works, 
Ward has gangs of men at work at .leffersonville, 
Ind . and i^nttalo., N. Y., placing these boilers on 
vessels. Among the recent shi])nients of steam 
generators or lioilers from these works, is a large 
one to Buffalo, New York, for the revenue cutter, 
'"Calumet;" two large boilers to San Francisco for 
(Jovcrnnient launches, one for a ferry-boat at the 
Cioxernnii-nt Training Station, New])ort, R. I ; two 
very large boilers for th(> new steel liull tow-boat 
•■ Mascotte," of the Kanawha and Ohio Transporta- 
tion Co.. building at .b'llri-sonville, Ind. Tliere is 
now nearly completed at the \\'orks two large 
boilers for tlie i>assenger steamer ''Uniiiue,'" for 
ser\ice on the lakes, which is to make "25 miles jier 
hour, .\ boiler has just been shi])ped from the 
Works for the yacht "Emily," at New York. 
Boilers are now being constructed for the U. S. 
Naval Academy at Annapolis, Md. Mr. Ward 
makes a specialty of light draught steamers forri\er 
use. 



Those who desii'e information concerning Charles- 
ton in addition to that contained in these pages are 
iiiviteil to eori-es]ion(l with any of the business men 

of the eitv. 








BURLEW OPERA HOUSE. 



Cliarlrston lias ono of the lini'st thtatre 
liiiildings in the State. The Hurlew Opera 
1 louse was constructed and opened to the i)uh- 
lic October lo. 1891. It is located on Capitol 
street and is a magnificent i)uildin<r of hanil- 
.sonie architectural design and finish. It is 
liuilt of hrick and hrown stone. The main en- 
trance from Capitol street leads to the auilito- 
rium on the ground floor, ahout 50 feet from 
the street. ^Iain floor, the l>alc(jny and gal- 
lery have a seating capacity of 1,.5(X). Besides 
this, there are ten handsomely fitted and dec- 
orated jirivate boxes. 

The stage is 41x()5 feet; lieightii to rigging 
loft .").') feet : width between girders -40 feet. 
There are 12 well a|ppointed dressing rooms, 
and on every hand are exits and fire escapes .so 
that in case of fire the house could be readilv 
emptied. There is steam heat, gas and electric 
light. Taken altogether it is certainly a per- 
fect theatre in point of accommodation, and 
is ex<iuisitively decorated and has perfect ac- 
cousti(' properties. The manager of the House 
is Mr. X. ,'^. Burlew who is careful to list noth- 
ing liut the best of attracti<ins obtainable. and tlie 
l)cople endorse his course by liberal jiatrcmage. 




Tlic acconipanying portrait is tliat of Mr. Thomas 
Popp, the Real Estate ami Insurance agent. Mr. 
Popp is one of the most pushing and enterprising 
liusiness nn-u of the city. He has been in business 
for thirteen years and in that time has earned an 
cnvial)le reputation as a careful and reliable business 
man. His business as a real estate agent has brought 
him into ccmtai't with large capitalists and land 
owners in all parts of the country and he has 
a large acquaintance throughout West Virginia and 
adjoining states. He is a member of the National 
Real Estate Congress, to which he was appointed by 
Gov. MacCorkle to represent the third district of 
West Virginia. Mr. Popp does a considerable bus- 
iness in the management of estates, collecting rents, 
paying taxes for non-residents, and attends tO every 
detail in the real estate agency business. He has re- 
cently been appointed agent of the Royal Fire In- 
surance Company of Liverpool, one of the best in- 
surance companies in the world. Mr. Popp has his 
office in splendid quarters in the Washburn block 
o2h Capitol street, where he will be glad to see those 
who desire to buy or to sell city or suburban pro]> 
erty or farming or coal and timber lands, or who de- 
sire to place insurance in a good company. 



W. W. Branch Veneer and Lumber Works. 

The aiioniiianving i'nf;ravin<; sliows the ])lant of 
the W. W. Braiith, Wnecr ami Lumber Conipany. 
Tliis corporation was orjiauized in. January. 1890, ami 
is the successor of the firm of \\'. \V. liraiicl) i<: Co.. 
established in (Jlen-Klk in the year 1S8."). Two 



The i)riiilu(ts of this plant is absorbed by sewing 
machine, cabinet and furniture makers, and the 
trade wliich is with these (irms, ha.s continued for 
many years and is rai)idly increasinj;. The product 
of the W. W. Branch Veneer and Lumber Company 
j^oes to all ]iarts of the country and into thousands 
of households in the shape of .«ewinfr machines and 
furniture of various kinds. 




years i)rior to the incorporation, the business had 
been very successful, and since that time the com- 
panv ha.s had phenomenal success. The president, 
Mr.'W. W. Branch, has had an experience in the 
business of twenty-five years, ami has been foremost 
in making' improvements in machinery to secure the 
best results and perfection in Manufactured sto<:k. 



DR. W. C. CARR, 

High Art Dentistry 

OF ALL KINDS. 

ftrlificial leelh Placed on Gold Ffames, a Specialty, 

EVERYTHING WARRANTED. 

Rooms Corner Capitol and Virjj;inia Streets, 

CHARLESTON, W. VA 



DEVEREUX LUMBER COMPANY, CHARLESTON, WEST VIRGINIA. 



The business to which this company succoeils 
was iiu-orj)onitc(l in 1.S89 with A. Dcvcroux, Jr., 
York Citv, Tr< 




was organized in l.SS;; liy A. Dcvcivux. Jr. The <'(iini)anv 
Prest.. A. W. Watrons. Vi,-,- I'rcst.. (!. W . Stoclvley. of New 
lincipally engaged in nianu'acturing poplar 
llidiiL'li they liMiiilli' (itlier liardwoinls.oak 
.isli ami WMliiiit; and have sueeeeiled in 
liuiliUnj; up a lartre trade in New Knjilaiid 
and New York markets. They have the 
reputation of uumufaetnnng an<l hand- 
ling a hi^ili ,i;ra<!e of stock. They have an 
extensive yard and a .Standard and Stur- 
(levant dry kiln with adryiiif: capacity of 
aliout 200,000 feet per week. They niann- 
facliu-e from 10,000,000 to 12,000,000 ft. 
per year, hut as they have their own 
cli'ctrit'al plant they can easily double that 
aniouid if reijuireil. They carry on tln'ir 
pay rolls from 7.") to 100 men. They handle 
nothiuf; l)Ut lirst-class stoek for which 
I he Klk river is noted, it liein^r superior 
ti> anythinji else in West Virginia. They 
liave lately l>ut Automatic Sprinkles 
throut-'hout their mill and dry kiln, have 
ail alumdant water supi)ly. and are thor- 
oughly eipiiiiped with fii'e hydrants. 
They have iargelioomage facilities, plenty 
of piling room and their shiiiping facili- 
ties are unexcelled. They are ready to 
serve the public in any grade or class of 
stoek put up in any manner or shape the 
market may require. 



LEADING BUSINESS MEN AND FIRMS OF CHARLESTON 



ARCIiniXTS AND HCILDF.KS. 

Jolni Fulks. o5!t (Jimrrior. 
I). W. ])ail\%.')-2J ('a[)itol. 
M. M. Husk. Elk. 
Fuller iV McDirniott. Caiiitol. 
George Henneniau, Capitnl. 
Harrison Albright, Capitol. 

ATTORN RYS-AT— LAW. 

H. B. Smith. Kan. Val. B'k i)l(:rg. 
J. D. Baines, Lynn Block. 
F. L. Beardsley, Kanawha. 
Broun Ar Broun. Kanawlia. 
Brown, Jackson A- Knight. Kan. \'al. 

Bank BuiMing. 
Jos. Ruilner. Anderson building. 
S. C. it F. V. Burdett, Anderson Id'd. 
E. L. Buttrick, Ch. Nat. B'k. bid. 
J. H. Couch, Gov't, building. 
Couch. Flournoy it Price, K. V. B'k 

Building. 
Davis it Jones, Kanawha. 
J. B. C. Drew, 27^ Capitol. 
A. M. Hamilton. 75^ Ca])it')l. 
Thos. D. Houston, Capitol. 



Johnson, Watts it Ashby. Shrews- 
bury Block. 
Littlepage & .Stout, CJajiitol. 
Albert Martin, Virginia. 
Martin it Switzer, Cotton Block. 
H. C. ct L. E. McWhnrter. Capitol. 
J. H. Xash. -iSl Virginia. 
G. W. Patton, -iSOJ^ Kanawha. 
Pavne ct Green, Ch'n Nat. B'k. b'd'g 
Russell G. (iuarrier, K. V. B'k b'l'd. 

D. II. Samuels, ofi Capitol. 

A. I). Shrewsbury, K. V. B'k b'l'd. 
Sinuns, Enslow it Chilton, 75i Cap. 
•lohn 1'.. Floyd, Alderson. 

J. S. Swann, 2111 Kanawha. 
T. B. Swann. •I'.n Kanawha. 
J. F. Cork, 2'.n Kanawha. 
Warth it Briggs. 27i Capitol. 

E. \\. Wilson, W'il.son building. 

C. W. Hall, Capitol. 

D. C. Gallaiier, Ch. Xat. B'k b'l'd. 
P. Fontaine, " '• '• " 

B. S. Morgan, " " " 
John Thayer, 75i Cajiitol. 

C. P. Snyder, 27i Capitol. 



(has. M. Alderson, 75i Capitol. 
W. H. Morris, Clendennin. 
\V. S. Edwards. K. V. B'k b'l'd. 
Kennedy it Dyer, 27i Capitol. 
Hubert L. Houston, Capitol. 
S. B. Avis, Cai)itol. 
H. O. Middleton, 27^ Capitol. 
J. R. T. CarmichaelK. V, B'k l/l'd. 
Mollahan it McClintic.Coyle it Rich- 
ardson building. 

liAKERS AND CO.NTIOCTIOSERS. 

L. Cablish, :]2n (iuarrier. 

John Narlz, Virginia. 

Eagle Bakery, l") Summers. 

Adam Young. 2S() Kanawha. 

E. M. it A.L Young, 259 Kanawha. 

BANKS. 

Kanawha Valley Bank, cor. Kanawha 

and Cajtitdl. 
Charleston National Bank, Capitol. 
Citizen's National Bank, :5o Capitol. 
Kanawha National Bank, 34 Capitol. 
Commercial Savings B'k, 21 Capitol, 



HOOK UINDERS. 

M. W. Donnally. 7i) Caititi)!. 

West Vir<rinia I'l'intingC'o., Virginia. 

BJOKS ANU STATION ICRY. 

S. S. Moore & Son, 50 Cai)itol. 
J. L. Fry. 47 Capitol. 
Ri('har(l;ion Bro.<.. .■>() ('a])itiil. 
:M. W, Dininally. Til Capitnl. 

liOOT-j AM) SllOI'.S, 

Palmer i^- Thoiuasf, 244 Kanawha. 
J. D. Jeffries, 270 Kanawha, 
Golfll)arth iV: StraiL-^s, 2.")4 Kanawha. 
Covle iS: Richardson. Capitol. 
Petty I*;.- Werth(!iinei', 2;> Cajntol. 
.lelenko A- Loeh, (Wholesale) 2(;4 

Kanawha. 
M. H. May, 214 Kanawha. 
May Shoe Co., 2S0 Kanawha. 
Payne Shoe Co., ( Wlioli-sale) :_i2o 

Virginia. 
Uand I'i- (iosliorn, 2<S(i Kanawha. 
Sample Shoe Co. 2S1 Virginia. 
L. A. l5otkin, .'>(; Cai)itol. 
Gus Tidth. \'irginia. 

CIGAKS AXU TOIiACCO. 

Joe Bellcr, 258 Kanawha. 
W. E. Peaco, 2.'<7A Virginia. 



CIVIL ENGINKKRS. 

W. A. Sminuers, jyvnii Block. 
W. A. liogue, ('ai)itol. 
McDermott it Fuller, Capitol. 
Jolm Howe Pevton. 

A. H. Cami.heil, Ch. Nat. B'k li'lM. 
N'enahle A- Vance, 54A Capitol. 

CLOTHING. 

Ph. Frankenhcrger, 242 Kanawha. 
M. Bhiniherg, 19() Kanawha. 

B. Hurvitz, 170 Kanawha. 
Linns Bros. 216 Kanawha. 
'SI. H. Mav, 214 Kanawha. 

Petty A Wertheimer, 2-5-27 Capitol. 
Philadelphia One Price Clothing 

House. Cajjitol and Kanawha. 
Schwabe, May i*c Co , 305 Kanawha, 
(ins Stern, Kil-;] Clcndennin. 
Famous Clothing House, 12, 11 and 

15 Capitol. 
U. S. Clothing House, 285 \'irginia. 
Star Clothing House, Kanawha. 
H. Cnrns. Kanawha. 

COAL di:ali;rs. 

Diamond Ice it Coal Co., 291 Kan. 
P. R. Buddit Co., SOU'apitol. 
Patrick Ryan, Capitol. 
Frazier tt Franklin l^ros., Kanawha. 



(ONKliCTlONKRS 

L. Cablish, 320 Quarrier. 

Eskew, Ewers it Co., Manufacturers, 

22 Summers. 
I. E. Nicliols, 27S Kanawha. 
Tomei A Bruninni. 39,S-233 Kan. 

niCNT'ISTS. 

W. C. Carr, 3()i Capitol. 

J. N. Mahan, I'nh " 

Rogers A Butts, 250); Cai)itol. 

K. K. Van Vlcck, 40l 

A. II, Boyd, " '' 

DRUGS AND MIOUICINKS 

E. L. P.oggs, 40 Capitol. 

F. F. Kappes it Co., cor. Clcndennin. 
J. H. ^lavity, cor. ('ap, .-11111 X'irginia. 
Scott Bros. 5.S Capitol. 

Tyree it Hel wig, (wholesale) Cajiitol. 
F! G. Schachleitcr. Capitol. 

DRY GOODS .\ND NOTIONS. 

Arnold, .Vlniey it Co., (wliolesale), 
Virginia. 

Jelenko it l>ro. (wholesale), 23() Ka- 
nawha. 

F. J. Daniels it Co., Capitol. 

Biern it Friedman, 35 Capitol. 

Coyle it Bichardson, Ca])itol. 



DRY G30DS AND NOTIONS.— Con«n««(i. 

Val Fruth, 102 Kanawha. 
Goldharth & Strauss. 234-(> Kan. 
B. Hiirvitz. ITOKanawlia. 
Rand A' (ioshorn. 2>il) Kanawha, 
(nis Lotli. 

StiTn iV- Schwahf. Clenilrnnin. 
H. M. .\Uur(l, Court. 

KXPORTKR OF TI.MliKR 

Geo. M. Donaldson, CoyleA- I!. hTd. 

KI.OUR .t FEKI) 

Brown Bros., 71 Capitoh 

The W. B. l)onnally,Co., 18 Sum'rs. 

I. Seerv & Bro., K. it M. depot. 

BihhyMillinfrCo., LovL'U. 

L. A. Carr Milling Co., Clendenniu 

and Kanawha. 
<T. W. Clark, Kanawha. 
Ashhy & Co., 3ol (^uarricr. 

FURNrn'Ki': dealfrs. 

(i.T. Barlow. L'12 Kanawha. 
Dawley Furniture Co., 807-9 Vir- 
ginia. 
Truslow Furniture Co.. 2.jl) Kan. 
John Cloxton, Kanawha 
Lovell it Killinf'er, Kanawha. 



GROCERIES AND l'R(;VlSIONS. 

C. A. Gates, 42 Capitol. 

H. L. Gebhart. 1.S4 Kanawha. 

A. .1. lloi.stein. 1,S4 Cai)itol. 

Samuel Jarrett, Alderson. 

J. .1. Laidley, 2()l-2Gr) Kanawha. 

Leavitt it Jarrett, Court. 

A. M. Lovd, Capitol. 

R. A. Marshall, 241 Kanawha. 

Geo. S. Morgan, 74 Lovell. 

Bradford Noyes, 38 Capitol. 

Uuhv Bros., ]•') Capitol. 

A. M. Rutt'ner, 2!).") Kanawha. 

I. H. Snyder, 3.5 Clendennin. 

Stewart. Kirker it Co., loo Kanawha. 

Thos. Turner, Washiuiiton. 

A. F. Wallen. 71 Lovell. 

Beach ct Abbott, Clendennin. 

C. C. Abbott, K. it M. depot. 

J. Kline, Elk street. 

Geo. Singleton. Court. 

H. M. Allbrd. Court. 

J. N. llutehinson. Court. 

M. Orth, Young. 

A. T. Cabell. Morris. 

John Gilliland, Morris. 

Crban C. Davidsim, W'a.shington. 

.NL Via, Washington. 

R. H. Harold, Washington. 

T. O. M. Davis, Capitol. 



\'oungs Grocery, Kanawha. 
L. B. Olliver, Lovell. 
Bovd it Mcintosh, State. 
T. A. Wallace, Capitol. 
Clark it Co., 347 Quarrier. 
J. L. Ritter. Lovell. 
C. C. (iebhart, Lovell. 

G ROC E RI ES— W HO L ES A L E. 

I'. H. Noyes & Co., Virginia it Hale. 
Prince Dunn it Co , 316 Virginia. 
RulTner Bros- 30() Kanawha. 

MANUFACTURERS AGENTS. 

J. P. Clark, 327 Virginia. 
C. W. Walker, 327 Virginia. 
John L. Thornhill, Ca]>itol. 

HARDWARE. 

MarkelKt Co., (i!) Capitol. 
X. S. Burlew, 2S4 Kanawha. 
L. C. Gates, 27(5 Kanawha. 
Gofehorn it Co., 247-249 Kanawha. 
Proflitt it Christy, Clendennin. 
Lowenstein it Son, Kanawha, 
(ieo. W. (Jates, 31 Summers. 

HOTI'LING WORKS. 

C. E. West, Summers. 
Chas. Capito. Kanawha. 



HOTELS. 

llcilcl Itull'ncr, Kanawha ami Ilalc. 
St. Albert Hotel, 222-4 Kanawha. 
St. Cloud Hotel, 14.-) Kanawha. 
St. Charles Hotel, Kanawha. 
Centra] Hotel, Kanawha. 

INSIR.VXCE AGENXIKS. 

1». W. I'.itterson, Kanawha, 
(io.-^horn'.-^ Insurance Agency. Kana. 
Tlios. I'opp, o2i Capitol. 
W'ni. i.ohnieyer, Charleston National 

iiank huildinir. 
.1. K. Chanilterlain. Capitol. 
]'.. I). .\vis. Cai)itol. 
r. F. Wyennan, Ch. Xat. B'k hTcl't;. 
.1. C. Alderson & Co., Opera b'l'd'g. 
DuH'y Insurance Agency, Cajiitol. 
r. ()". F>acon, Life. Caj.itol. 

.ir.WEI.KKS. 

K. ,). Satterlhwait, 290 Kanawha. 
(ieo. W. Porter, 302 Kanawha. 
Stolle i*ir Son, 11 Summers. 
W. Herman Smith, 22 Capitol. 
Guy Z. Wright i*i: Co., 17 Ca])itol. 
\V. Beck(>nstein, 2S8 KanawJia. 
A. it V. Hoiarsky, 2S2 Kanawha. 
C. 1'. l"'isher, Ca|iitol. 
Kan, \'aili'\- .lewclrv Co., '2'y2 Kana. 



LIl,iL'ORS— WHOLKS.VLK. 

C. Ca|iit<i, ;!<)4 Kanawha. 
Ben Baer, 2-)S Kanawha. 

MUHCHANT TAILORS. 

W. L. Armstrong it Co.. Cai>it"l. 

Starke it Co., Caiiitol. 

A. Schwal), oOO Kanawha. 

I. H. .Johnston. oOS Virginia. 

Moran it Powers. Ill Capitol. 

M. Kellar. Lovell. 

('has. Saxton. Capitol. 

NOTIONS. 

The Fair, Summers. 
The Bazaar, Kanawha. 
Goshorn, Richardson it Coyle,( whole- 
sale) Capitol. 

STUAM l.\uni>rip:s, 

Cajiitol Steam Laundry. Kanawha. 
Hotel Pulfner Steam Laundry, Va. 
Kanawha Steam Laundry, (,)uarrier. 

Ll\ I'.RV SIWHLES. 

A. W. McCormick, Alderson. 

Savage Bros. Virginia. 

G. T. Barlow, Court. 

!>. 11. ^'oung, 200 \'irginia. 

Chill Livcr\' Stahlc. |)ickinson. 



C. E. Field, til l.,ivell. 

Ike P.aer, 29 Capitol. 

City Daily Market, Caiiitol. 

E. Cragg, 13 Summers. 

Fisher it Fruth, 243 Kanawha. 

Fred Gardner, 162 Capitol. 

Ellis it Co., 354 Quarrier. 

K. Polsue it Son. 

Smith Pros., Washington. 

ML'SIC STORKS 

(). II. Micjiaclson, 274 Kanawlia. 
(i. L. Spence Co., 2.-)4 Kanawha 

NKWSl'Al'KRS, 

The Ciiarleston Daily (iazette. 79 
Capitol. 

The Evening Mail, Alder.<on. 

The Star Trilnine, Kanawha. 

Kanawha X'alley Democrat, cor Caji- 
itol and Kanaw ha. 

Farm Pcpurter ((Quarterly) 79 Cap- 
itol. 

I'.\1N'I'S AND OI LS 

.lohn Y. Aarter, 293 Kanawha. 
.1. M.(iates, 27-29 Summers. 
W. P.. Parr, ;!94 Quarrier. 
Standai'il < )il Co.. .5() Capitol. 



PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. 

J. W. Avlor, oG Capitol. 

T. L. Bai-ben :;(;4 Vir<;inia. 

Ira P. Chanii)e,3(M('apit<il. 

V. T. ('hurcliiinin,'r):; Capitol. 

J. T. Cotton. -JDSJr Kanawha. 

J. L. Davis. 8(Ji Cai)itol. 

J. B. Houston. 2S5 Virginia. 

George Lounsbury,Coyie iV: Hichan 

son building. 
James Putney, Bnvder buil<ling. 
J. M. M((;'onihav."lS4 State. 
O. C. Schoolliehi, «:? Cai>itol. 
F. S. Thomas. Cotton Hloek. 
W. P. Kwing. Htptel Ruffner. 
S. B. Thomp.'^on, "iSl Virginia. 
W. \V. Tompkins, Snyder i>lock. 
P. Wagner, 272 Virginia. 
J. F. Wileox, Lvnn Bloek. 
J. J. Goff, Lvnn" Blo<k. 
W. P. Hogue. 
R. S. Henrv. 
L. Carr. 

A. K. Summers. 
F. I.. .M.Gee. 

['HOTOGRAPHF.RS. 

A. P. Gates. 2!ti Cai)itol. 
A. T. Proctor, 30i Capitol. 
Wni. McBride. Clendennin. 



I'LIMBKRS. 

llowcli. Shankliii iV Dnwrnan. 

Capitol. 
I). Craig. 2.S2 N'irginia. 

HIUNTiyt; F.STAHLISIIMKNTS. 

.M. \V. I)..nnally. 79 Capitol. 
I'.utlcr Printing Co , Virginia. 
.Jarrett A Floytl. Alderson. 
Star-Tribune Co., 213 Kanawha. 
Perry A" Dudley. CajHtol. 

Ki'.Ai. r.si'ATi;. 

Thomas Popp. 'rlJ, Capitol. 
.Idlm L Thornhill, 2."'> ('ai)itol. 
Geo. Davis. '.'Mh (Juarrier. 
B. D. Avis, 2:!A'Caiiitol. 

KlCSTAlRAXTS. 

1). Washburn. PI Summer.^. 
J. E. Morgan. 21'.l Kanawha. 
S. S. Dandridgc, 2()J Kanawha. 
S. E. Myers, Capit<il 
Albert Callcnberg, Virginia. 

ROOKEHS ANU rlSNERS 

.7. C. Wolf A- Son. 20:5 Kanawha. 
I.. C. Wolf. Alderson. 
I). A. Brawley, Kanawha. 
Diek i<.- Stovei-. (^uarrier. 



STOVKS .\S\> IISWAHi:. 

MrManamy it Cannon, 2(10 Kana. 
W. '1\ Shawvcr, 2(io Kanawha. 
I). A. I'.rawley, 228 Kanawha. 

SADDLKRV AMI HARNESS. 

KillingeriV: Co., 221 Kanawha. 
Henry Malum. 23l> Kanawha, 
.los. Ponp. 172 Kanawha. 
Lowenstein it Son. 2.">;') Kanawha. 

UNDERTAKERS. 

!,ovell A- Killinger, Kanawha. 
Geo. T. Barlow. 212 Kanawha. 

\ INEERINi; WORKS 

W. W. llraneh. West Charleston. 

niCVCLE ' EAl.ERS 

Hewcs Bros., Capitol. 
W. B. Barr. (Juarrier. 
Fred Scott. Capitol. 
Ernest Howell, Capitol. 
J. R. Shanklin. Capitol. 

MlSCELI-ANEOrS. 

Kanawha Woollen .Mills.Clendennin. 
H. Barton, Boiler Works. \'irginia. 
Vickers Wagon U'orks. Court. 
W. A. Key, Wagon M'orks, Court. 



OFFICIAL DIRECTORY. 



STATE OFFICKUS. 

Governor — W. A. MacCorkle. 
Secretary of State — W. E. Chilton. 
State Su]it. of Scliools — Virfril A. 

Lewis. 
Auditor — I. V. .Inlmson. 
Treasurer — John M. Rowan. 
Attorney-(;eneral— T. 8 Riley. 
Ailjutaiit-Ceneral— J. A. Hol'ly. 

SUPREMK COURT. 

.Judges — Henrv Brannon, President, 
'\Ve.ston, W. Vn. 
.John W. English. Point 

Pleasant, W. Va. 
Homer A. Holt, Lewisliurg, 

W. Va. 
M. M.Dent, Grafton. W.Va. 
Clerk — O. S. Long. Charleston. 

COINTV OKFICKRS. 

.luilgc Ciicuit Court — F. A. (iuthrie. 



•JudgeCriminal Court — C. P. Snyder. 
Pnisecuting Attorney — C. B. Smith. 
Clerk Circuii Court— II. K. Black. 
Clerk County Court — -J. W. (Toshorn. 
County Sup't. Sehools— G. P. Hall. 
Countv Commissioners — C.S. Young, 

W. S. Laidley, .J. D. Shrews- 

liury. 

HTY OFFICERS. 

Mayor — E. W. Staunton. 

Recorder=J. H. Gates. 

Sergeant — .John W. .Jarrett. 

Solicitor— H. O. Middleton. 

Treasurer — E. A. Rcid. 

Engineer — W. A Hoguc. 

Street Conimissioner — ,1. A. Turner 

MEMBERS CITY COLNCIl,. 

P'irst Ward— A. F. Wallcn. Mason 
Rusk and Geo. Morgan. 

Second Ward — Clias. I.och. .1. F. 
lirown and -J. N. Mahan. 



Third Ward— .J. W. Goshorn, W 
I'eters. and (). A. I'ettv. 



L. 



COURTS. 

Circuit Court — Second Monday in 
March and .June and lii-st >lon- 
day in Decern her. 

Criminal Court — First Tuesday in 
•lanuarv. April, .Tulv and < )cto- 
her. 

County Court — First Monday in 
!\Iarch, .June, Septemlier, and 
1 )ccember. 



Cn.\RLF.STON DISTRICT OFFICERS 



N. B. Swarr, .Justice. 
.J. S. Payne, .Justice. 
R. I'. Warren. Constable. 
E. C. Lynn, Constable. 



LITTLEPAGE &. STOUT. 

ATTORNEYS AND COUNSELORS AT LAW. 

NO. 20 CAPITOL STREET, 
CtaarleHtuii, - Kaiiav\'lia Co , - Vli'esl Va 

TELEPHONE 208. 

JOHN FULKS, 

Arclnilcct i and t Builder, 

359 QUARRIER STREET. 

JOHN HOWE PEYTON, 

CIVIL » ENGINEER ^< AND ^i SURVEYOR. 

Office Kanawha National Bank Building. 
P. O. BOX 623 

B. S. MORGAN. 

OHice in Kanawha NationalBank Building. 

M'ill Practice in the Courts of Kanawha and .Vdjoiniiir ( oiiutics. in the 

SuprtMlK* Court of .\|ipi>als of the Stale, and in the United States 

Court. Special .\tleiition i:iven to Collections. 




280 KANAWHA ST. 



CHARLESTON, W. VA. 



Largest StocK in tt^e State to Select fronq. 
fill Grades of Siloes and Slippers, TruriKs 
arid Un\brellas, fiwnirigs and Tents. 



MAIL ORDEPSSOI ICITED. 




Sdiilli side l'()Uii(li-\' and .Marhiiic W'dili 



South Side Foundry and Machine Works. 

Tlu' cnjrnivinj;' on tlie opposite pMjre rcinTsonts our 
of ( )li;irlest()n"s well-known and suljstanUal manu- 
facturing; cstablisliinents. The South Side Foun- 
dry and Maehine Works are owned and o]K'rated l)y 
O. A. iS: W . Thayer. After eonduetinfr the husiness 
for eleven years in Maiden, the Messrs. Thayer, with 
that keen business foresight which has always char- 
acterized their career, ducidetl to remove their plant 
to Charleston, and establish it on a larj^er scale and 
prepare themselves for the more extensive l)usinc«s 
which they saw would soon n])vn up for them at this 
])oint. Conse(|uently, in 1S71, the large plant of 
the South Side Foun<lry and Machine Works (lo- 
cated between the C'hesa|)eake and Ohio railway and 
the Kanawha river), was built and e(|uipped with 
new machinery and ai)])liances throughout, at acon- 
siderable outlay, since which time tlie works have 
been greatly enlarged with new brick buildings un- 
til now they are the finest and most extensive plant 
of the kind in the State. This concern is fitted 
with twin cupolas of large capacity, and an^ pre- 
pared to make castings of every descrijjtion in both 
iron and brass. Since the erection of their new 
brick sho])s they have placed in their works the 
latest improved machinery by which the heaviest 
class of work can be manufactured. 

The forge, or blacksmith department, is considcre<l 
the largest in this section, being e(|uij)iied with 



]iower, rolls, plunges, shears and a large steam ham- 
mer, with which the heaviest forgings can be made 
with ease and dispatch. The South Side Foundry 
makes a specially of all classes of iron work and 
machinery for the comi)lete e(|uii)ment of mining 
plants, such as tail ropes and endless wire, rope haul- 
age machines, iron and steel incline monitors, coke 
larrys, mine cars, drums, tipple outfits, .screens 
weigh basket;;, elevators, conveyors, A-c., of every de- 
scription use<l in connection with the mining industry. 
"The Kanawha" is the name they have given their 
new style .Mine Ventilating Fan (j«tented .June 24, 
1.S93), which for cajiacity, eflicicncy and cheapnesn- 
is far in advance of the old style paddle fan. Their 
fans an; now used for ventilating mines in Ohio, 
Pennsylvania, Virginia and Kentucky, as well as in 
this .state, and all are giving the best of .saticfaction. 
These fans are so constructed that they may be o])- 
erated either as "exhausts" or "blowir-^."" This feat- 
ure no other fan possesses. 

In their car hiiildiiiK DciKirtnicnt tlicy are preiiared to 
turn mU ininc cars i-oiii|ili'tc, (in slmrt notice, as well as log- 
L'int: triK ks, linnl)er cars, i^c. This ((iniern alscidcies a larco 
iiusincss in pipe and fittinirs <if all kinds, indndint.' tirasii 
;r(iods. Mailiincry from tills Inundry ^ues out not only 
tliron^'h all Ihi' ni'ininj: rc<rions of We.^t Virginia, lait orders 
<-om(' to it from KentU( kv, Tcnne.-i.-ise, tieorfria, .\laliania, 
Florida, Oliio and rennsylvania, where mines are lieing de- 
velopecl, railroads constructed and mills and factories equip- 
ped. This ]ilant lia.-* never slmt down for want of work. and 
IS generally considered one of the stron};est financial manu- 
facturing concerns in the Kanawha Valley. 



Charleston Banks. 

KftNftWHft UftLLeV BftNK. KftNftWHft NftTlONftL BANK. 



KSTAHLIsm-.U IN 18t)7. 

J. y. DJCKINSOX, 1!. T. ONEY. 

l^renldt'lit. t'dxliiir. 

Capital Invested $150,000. 

Surplus 100,000. 

CHftRLeSTON NftTlONftL BftNK 

KSTAULISHEU AUOrST IB, 188i. 

L.iPRI("HAHI), H. L. PRICHARI). 

*—-;;;— J'ir.iidiiit. Cmliler. 

Capital Invested $100,000. 

Surplus SO.OOO. 

Undivided Profits 12,000. 

CITIZeNS' NftTlONftL BftNK. 

r.ST.VIJLlSIIKI) SKl'T. 10, 1890, 

KEIL ROBINSON, .1. H. Hl'LINt;, 

Pir.iidt'iit. I'lVv Pnvhifiil. 

M. M. WILLIAMSON. 

Capital In ve.sted $125,000. 

.Surplus :5,500. 



(iEO. S. COUCH, H- A. RhlD. 

I'irxhinil. Cnxhlir. 

.1. F. P.KDELL. 
.l.W.s-/f//*/ C'l-^hii'i'. 

Capital lnvest,.l $100,000 

Surplus 

Undivided Prolits 



11,000. 
i»,000. 



COnM^RClftL SftVlNGS BftNK. 

i:.ST.\bLlSlli:D KI-.HRUARV, 18i);i. 

Wm a. OHLEY, C. W. YOL'NG, 

Conducts a ijenend Cnnnunvial business besides 
the Saviii"^ departiueiit. 
Capital Invested ?50,000. 



BANKING HOURS. 



,9:00 A. .M. 



Open 

Close ^:00i-. m. 



CAPITOL I STEAM i LAUNDRY, 

=-TnC OLi:iEST. LARGEST. AND BEST-— 

EQUIPPED LAUNDRY IN THE STATE. 



THIS LAUNDRY is a cdiKmi tliat has done 
imicli to spixad the name and fame of Charleston 
far and wide, as they have a^'cncies in all parts of 
the State, and wherever their excellent work has 
<rone it is an emhlcm of the (Jeneral Sujjeriority 
and Kntcriirise characteristic (if the ( 'aj)ital(.'ity. 



LIBERAL. 

DiseouQts 

5o f\(^er/t'^. 



ESTABLISHED 1890. 



THE CAPITOL STEAM LAUNDRY is situated 
at No. 1()7 Kanawlia Street, and is owned and op- 
erated hy Mr. T. H. Marshall, who is authnrity on 
all matters pertainin<r to tht- Laundry Business. 
The Plant has recently heen rehuilt, and fitted up 
with the most modern machinery known to the 
l)usine,ss, so that the "Capitol" i.s enabled to do 
the highest grade work on very short notice. 
About forty people are constantly employed at the 
Works, and there are dozens of agencies all over 
this Section. Mr. Marshall is wide awake, and takes 
great j>ains in providing his jiatrons promjit and 
etiicient .service. His ellorts are bringing well mer- 
ited success as his estabjisliment is most liberally 
patronized. Established l.SiK), oldest, largest, in Ka- 
nawha Valley; burned in 1.S92 and retiuilt, with im- 
jiroved machinery. Branch at No. .")2 ('a]iitol street. 



iSTBBUISHED 1892. 



Tho Keeley Institute Co. of= iAZ, \^7^. 



F=OR THE CUR© Of= THe 



LIQUOR. OPIUM AND TOBACCO HABITS. 

Institutt-s located at Cliarlcstdii. W. \"a.. WIk rliii<:, W, \'m., Kingwdml. W. \'a. 



Owning and controlline all genuine Keelev 
Institutes in the State of West Virginia. 




Tlie only reliable treatrqent for tl^e above 
fianqed diseases. Hundreds of testirrionials 
ori file fronq tl^e nqost pronqirierit people of 
tiie State evidericirig tt^e ^A;o^derful efftcieri- 
cy of thietreatrrierit as adrninistered at tl^ese 
Institutes. 



„„ ,. , Correspondence Solicited. 

LE'GAGE PRATT, President and General Manager. 
J. AMI MARTIN. Vk j: I'kk.-^idk.nt. P. II. TAMPLET. Skcketakv and Treasurer. 



f^ 




fe. ■;*••. 




M. B. REBER, M'G'R. 

Tlu' l:iri;cst, loatliiij; and ullicial Journal 
at the State Caj)ital, with a eirculatidn 
greater than any nther paper juiMished in 
the Third Ciinjrressiiinal District. 



THE 

SMITH-PREMIER 

TYPEWRITER. 



213 KANAWHA ST., 



CHARLESTON, W VA. 



EDISONS 

MIMEOGRAPH. 





HEWES BROS. 

EXCLUSIVE AGENTS. 




Fin [F'lTLSlPl f^ 
STOVES^TINWARE, 




260 AND 226 
KANAWHA STREET. 



MCMANAMY&CANNON 



-JOBBERS IN- 



STOVES, TINWARE, &C 



TliLs liou.so has long been familiar to tlu' trade in Char- 
k'stou and throughout the State as a leader in Wholesale 
;ind Retail Stoves, Tinware and 

House Furnishing Goods, 

carrviug a very extensive and complete stock at all times, 
and having facilities for buying and manufacturing and 
shi|)])ing which enables them to meet all competition. 

Their travelling men make regular calls on the trade 
and always have some exceptional offerings. Their bus- 
iness is growing continually which is evidence of their 
pluck and the satisfaction of the trade. 



As Charleston Enjo3s a Steady and Healthy 

Growth, So Enjoys the 

adelpliia One Price Clolig louse 

A Steady Increase in Business. 
Because Fair and Square Dealings is Our Motto. 

CORNER KANAWHA AND CAPITOL STS. 



►ol^ 



fox- "^Toiirxx^n'ss IHstti 



ip^ (§oods 
apd Sl7oes. 




I HANDA G,USHOP■,^f PRY COOP-SiriTJE^HOE^ 



We are the Leaders. 



-tnn STOCK IS- 



Complete in all Departments. 

RANU & GOSHORN. 



Tt|e Pl^otograplris for tt^e Engfavirigs in Tl-iis 
BooK Were Made By 

Ga7'es, The Photographer. 

Capitol street, tlinrlesion w Va. 

High Class Photography a Specialty. 

mill SiraiiN 6 DOWMftN, 

PLUMBING, 

STEAM AND HOT WATER HEATING, 
MILL SUPPLIES. 

75 Capitol St Charleston, W. Va. 

vTt. churchman, M. IX 
EYE. EAR. NOSE AND THROAT 

SPECIALIST. 
63 Capitol Street, - Charleston, W. Va. 

CHAS, M, ALDERSON, 

75 I-a CAI'ITOI. ST. 

CHARLESTON, - - WEST VIRGINIA, 




N. S. BURLEW, 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN 

GENERAL HARDWARE BUSINESS, 



.ESTABLISHED ISTG- 



'Ii\e business of tl^e House i\as increased so it stands to-day equal to any Hardware firrn 
in West Virginia. Does a large Jobbing Business in tl^ie Soutl^iern part of tj^e State. Headquar- 
ters for 

Oc\k Veneered While ^nd yellou; Pine Door5. 

All Kinds of SA.sll and BLINDS, WOOD aiul IKON .MANTEL FRONTS, 

GRATES, HEARTH nml FLOOR TILE. 

Special Agent for Reading Hardware Co., Hartrnan Steel Fence. Sewer Pipe and Fire 
Brick; and all Kinds of FariT\ing and Mining Irnplenqents. Orders Solicited wl^ichi will l^ave 
pronqpt attention- 

NO 284 KANAWHA STREET. 

Opjiositc I'lihlic Lam/ /no. 



Kanawha SteamLaundry, 



357 QWHRRIER STREET 



•^•CUSHMAN & YOUNC-K^ 

RF>OF=RieTORS. 



This Laundry is Einiiiiped with new and 
Improved machinery and appliances, and is 
capable of turninu- out tlic linest work. Send 
your work to 



?^5f?/T)09 9 YoiJ9(§. 



They will Guarantee you Entire Satisfaction. 



TELEPHONE NO. 191. 



DIAMOND ICE & COAL COMPANY, 

WHOLESALE & RETAIL DEALERS IN 




ICE AND COAL 



Sjic'cial attention given tn (irdciv for Ire in carlot.* 
or filling houses. 

OHice 291 Kanawha Stret't. lee Factory Cor. 
Elk and Welch streets. Coal yard Cor. Capitol and 
Drvden streets. 







"VTsq 



5fes!«- 






^ -^"i^^*^ 









^^1;;:— j?t^S2^*5%5^=S 







Till- LiirfTcst two-wlu'cl.Ml Vehicle Kiietory in tlie WorM. 



LOUIS CRBLISH. 

CIIAKI.KSTO.X. W. VA. 



•f-^^^P^jJ Confectioner, 

'/':3^J^!r^v>l4i^.--_ Ice Creanqs. 



Fine Candies. 
Fancy Cakes. 




LOUIS CABUSH, 



Quarrier Street. 



Cl^arleston. W. Ya. 



When CunU'iiiiilutiiifi IvL'cciitioii sec ('AP>IJS1I. 
Cliarlcston's Ciml'i'ftionL'r, as t'l prices New idciis. 



Geo. W. Porter, 



Clocks 
and 
Watclies. 

Gold and 
Silver 
Novelties. 

Solid 

Silverware. 

Silver Plated 
Ware. 




Jeweller and Optician. 



Aiii'iit t'cir till' Sale ot the Cel<>l)rateil Uiaindiiil Eye 
(i lasses. 

liepairinn nf Watches ami .lewelry a Sjiccialty. 
A II wnrk ( i narantcecl. 



■WJ k'diKiirhd SI. Chdrlcsfoii, ][' ^ 'a . 



EVERYBODY TRADES WHEN THEY 
WANT 

DRY GOODS in all Its branches. 
CARPt:TS. The finest room in the State. 
SHOBS. No better made for service. 

DANIELS 

16 CAPITOL STREET. 16 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. 

PEDDLERS' OUTFITS. 

A(;ENT for HUTTIOlilCKS I'ATTKIINS. 



uf« ^"^^ 



